tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-81648220831844903962024-03-28T09:47:00.122+05:30JEMTECjimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.comBlogger952125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-3895032475128299202024-03-28T09:46:00.002+05:302024-03-28T09:46:23.488+05:30Concept and History of Surrogacy in India<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Surrogacy, a subset of the new bio market, has contributed to an uptick in reproductive tourism over the last two decades. The act of using a surrogate mother is not new. Women have traditionally been chosen to give birth on behalf of others. Recent increases in surrogacy may be attributed to developments in reproductive technology such in vitro fertilisation (IVF), a lessening of cultural biases, and a delay in having children. In the past two decades, it has spread all over the globe. To put it simply, surrogacy is when a woman gives birth on behalf of a couple who are unable to have children for biological reasons. Although the exact number of children born via surrogacy is unknown, but the approximately 25000 surrogate children are born in India every year under commercial surrogacy, including 50% were for foreign couples. </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-aed6252b-7fff-5dd8-c5c7-6195148746dc"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 9.7pt; margin-left: -0.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The word "surrogate" is a Latin word "surrogatus," which means "a substitute." It is a kind of arrangement, where a woman agrees to carry a child to term for a couple in exchange for legal custody of the child after birth. Parenting via proxy is another phrase for this circumstance. One party pays another party to have a woman carry their kid to term in a surrogacy arrangement. A contract creates legal obligations for one or more parties. To paraphrase, "the only thing in commerce may be the object of conventional obligations." When a child is born via surrogacy, the mother is treated like a commodity and the pregnancy is seen as a business transaction. This kind of agreement requires both a physical relocation of the child and a switch in their loyalty. By definition, after a child is born, the mother hands the infant over to the child's sponsors and disappears from the child's genealogy, which is built from the names of the child's one or two sponsors. This seems to be irreconcilable with human dignity even in the few cases when the woman sincerely desires to get this therapy. In surrogacy, the agreement focuses on the child. It is created, executed, and handed over per the terms of a contract, usually for payment. Meanwhile, the woman is seen as only a tool, a source of potential offspring. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 9.7pt; margin-left: -0.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Surrogacy is defined in the Warnock Report (1984) as “the practise of one woman carrying a child for another with the aim of handing over the child after delivery.” Black’s Law Dictionary (1999) defines surrogacy as </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“an agreement wherein a woman agrees to be artificially inseminated with the semen of another woman’s husband.”</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> The New Encyclopaedia Britannica (2010) defines “surrogate motherhood as the practice of a woman bearing a child for a couple in order for them to have children in the traditional way.” According to Wikipedia, “surrogacy is a method or agreement whereby a woman agrees to carry a pregnancy for another person or persons who will become the new born child’s parents after birth. According to the Oxford Dictionary (2020), surrogacy is the process of serving as a surrogate mother or the action of being a surrogate.” According to Merriam-Webster Dictionary (2016), “it is a social arrangement, generally governed by a contract, where a woman known as a surrogate agrees to carry and give birth to a child for another person or family via ART (Artificial Reproductive Techniques). The ART Bill has defined surrogacy as an arrangement in which a woman agrees to a pregnancy, achieved through assisted reproductive technology, in which neither of the gametes belongs to her or her husband, with the intention of carrying to term and handing over the child to the person or persons for whom she is acting as a surrogate.” (Legal Definition). The following types of surrogacies depend on how the surrogate mother’s genes affect the baby and how she carries it. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 9.7pt; margin-left: -0.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Surrogacy is a relatively new reproductive option in which a woman's womb is used to carry and deliver a child for another couple. Surrogacy emerged as an option for couples struggling with infertility due to medical or other barriers. Two types of surrogacy are seen in practice. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 9.7pt; margin-left: -0.25pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“Gestational Surrogacy” </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">is a sort of surrogacy in which one-woman (the genetic mother) fertilises the egg and another woman (the surrogate mother) bears and gives birth to the kid. In Vitro Fertilization is typically used to create the embryo from the intended father’s sperm (IVF). It is then delivered to a gestational surrogate, who serves as a human incubator, carrying the parent’s child until delivery. A gestational surrogate bears a kid who is not her biological child.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“Traditional Surrogacy”</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> is a kind of surrogacy in which a woman carries a baby for another person, who pays her to do so, and gives birth to the kid. The egg is fertilised using artificial insemination. A typical surrogate does double duty by also acting as an egg donor. Intrauterine insemination (IUI) was formerly utilised to achieve pregnancy in traditional surrogates. To facilitate natural fertilisation of the egg, a medical professional removes the sperm from the intended father and inserts it into the surrogate's uterus. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: -0.25pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Surrogacy with monetary compensation for services as a surrogate is divided into two types: </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 9.7pt; margin-left: -0.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“Altruistic Surrogacy”</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> refers to a form of surrogacy where the surrogate mother does not receive any form of financial compensation or incentive for carrying and delivering the child, and instead does so out of philanthropic motives or emotional attachment. The intended parents bear the financial responsibility for medical expenses, maternity clothing, and other associated expenses incurred during pregnancy and child birth. When a surrogate mother offers to bear a child for the intending parents without being compensated, this is known as altruistic surrogacy. To put it another way, this is practically free surrogacy. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 9.7pt; margin-left: -0.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“Commercial Surrogacy”</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> is a form of surrogacy in which the surrogate mother receives monetary compensation from the biological parents of the child in exchange for allowing them to use her uterus to conceive & carrying the child for nine months, and giving birth to the child. The intended parents force the surrogate to sign a paper promising that they would not take legal custody of the child. The surrogate, in exchange for compensation, waives any parental rights, she may have to the child. A prospective parent gives a cash incentive in return for a willing surrogate in commercial surrogacy. The practise of commercial surrogacy is gaining recognition. Commercial surrogacy was legalised in India between 2002-2015. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 9.7pt; margin-left: -0.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Government of India took a stand to disallow the commercial surrogacy in 2015 by guidelines and produced the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill 2016 in Lok Sabha, which was passed with several amendments in 2018. Rajya Sabha constituted a committee for discussion on the Surrogacy (Regulation) Bill, 2019, which was ultimately passed in 2021 and released along with Assisted Reproductive Technology (Regulation) Act 2021. The Surrogacy (Regulation) Act, 2021 permits charitable surrogacy, preventing those with financial means from abusing option of surrogacy. It prohibits commercial surrogacy, as well as the trade of human gametes and embryos. To avoid the exploitation of women, it maintains strong check and balance. It makes an effort to cut out the predatory middleman. It safeguards and upholds the value of motherhood as well as any prospective parental right over the child. This Act also put conditions to utilize surrogacy services</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 9.7pt; margin-left: -0.75pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify; text-indent: 0.75pt;"><span style="font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;"><b>https://www.jimsgn.org/</b></span></span></p><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-a1dffe5f-7fff-7aa0-0b1f-f693510c4116" style="font-weight: normal;"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: right;"><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;">Prof. (Dr.) Pallavi Gupta, HOD, Department of Law</span></p><div><span style="font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></div></span></span></div></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-91832625208161856832024-03-21T09:49:00.002+05:302024-03-21T09:49:10.000+05:30Machine Learning in IOT and Augmented Reality<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify;">Machine
learning (ML) plays a crucial role in enhancing the capabilities and efficiency
of IoT (Internet of Things) devices in various ways:</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Predictive
Analytics: ML algorithms can analyze data collected from IoT sensors to predict
future outcomes or trends. For instance, in industrial IoT applications,
predictive maintenance algorithms can analyze sensor data to anticipate
equipment failures before they occur, thereby reducing downtime and maintenance
costs.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Anomaly
Detection: ML algorithms can identify abnormal patterns or anomalies in IoT
data, indicating potential security breaches, equipment malfunctions, or other
issues. This helps in early detection and mitigation of problems.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Adaptive
Control: ML algorithms can enable IoT devices to adapt their behavior based on
changing environmental conditions or user preferences. For example, smart
thermostats use ML to learn user habits and adjust temperature settings
automatically for energy efficiency.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Optimization:
ML algorithms can optimize resource usage in IoT systems. For instance, in
smart grid systems, ML can analyze energy consumption patterns and optimize
distribution to minimize wastage and cost.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Personalization:
ML algorithms can personalize user experiences based on IoT data. For example,
wearable devices can use ML to analyze biometric data and provide personalized
health and fitness recommendations.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Real-time
Decision Making: ML algorithms can process large volumes of IoT data in
real-time to make quick decisions. For example, in autonomous vehicles, ML
algorithms analyze sensor data to make split-second decisions for navigation
and collision avoidance.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Edge
Computing: ML models can be deployed directly on IoT devices or edge devices to
perform real-time data analysis locally, reducing the need for sending data to
centralized servers. This helps in improving latency, bandwidth usage, and
privacy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Security:
ML techniques such as anomaly detection and pattern recognition can enhance IoT
device security by identifying and mitigating cyber threats in real-time.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Overall,
machine learning empowers IoT devices with intelligence, enabling them to
analyze data, make informed decisions, and adapt to changing conditions,
thereby unlocking new capabilities and opportunities across various industries.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Machine
learning (ML) plays a significant role in enhancing the capabilities and user
experiences of augmented reality (AR) applications in several ways:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Object
Recognition and Tracking: ML algorithms can be used to recognize and track
objects in the real world captured by AR devices. This enables AR applications
to overlay digital content accurately onto real-world objects. ML techniques
such as convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are commonly employed for object
detection and tracking in AR.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Gesture
Recognition: ML algorithms can analyze hand gestures or body movements captured
by AR devices to recognize user interactions. This enables users to interact naturally
with AR content without the need for physical controllers. ML techniques like
deep learning can be utilized for gesture recognition in AR applications.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Scene
Understanding: ML algorithms can analyze the environment captured by AR devices
to understand the spatial layout and context. This allows AR applications to
place digital objects realistically within the physical environment and create
immersive experiences. ML models trained on spatial data can help in scene
understanding and reconstruction in AR.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Semantic
Segmentation: ML algorithms can perform semantic segmentation of the
environment captured by AR devices, distinguishing between different objects
and surfaces. This information is essential for rendering digital content
realistically and integrating it seamlessly into the real world. Techniques
such as semantic segmentation neural networks are used for this purpose.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Simultaneous
Localization and Mapping (SLAM): ML techniques are utilized in SLAM algorithms,
which enable AR devices to map the environment in real-time while tracking
their own position and orientation within it. SLAM is crucial for AR
applications to accurately overlay digital content onto the physical world and
maintain spatial coherence. ML-based SLAM approaches often incorporate deep
learning for robust localization and mapping.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Personalization
and Adaptation: ML algorithms can personalize AR experiences based on user
preferences, behavior, and environmental conditions. By analyzing user
interactions and feedback, AR applications can adapt their content and
interactions to provide a tailored experience for each user. Reinforcement
learning and recommendation systems can be used for personalization in AR.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Content
Creation and Generation: ML techniques such as generative adversarial networks
(GANs) can be employed to create or enhance AR content. GANs can generate
realistic textures, objects, or environments, which can be seamlessly
integrated into AR applications to enrich the user experience.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Overall,
machine learning plays a crucial role in augmenting the capabilities of AR
applications, enabling them to understand and interact with the real world
intelligently, create immersive experiences, and personalize interactions for
users. As ML continues to advance, it is expected to further enhance the
capabilities and realism of AR technology.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="line-height: 115%;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">https://www.jimsgn.org/</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;">Prof.(Dr.) </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small; text-align: start;">Latha Banda</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify; text-justify: inter-ideograph;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-18870589323832713262024-03-21T09:46:00.005+05:302024-03-21T09:46:55.463+05:30Artificial Intelligence and the Future of Humans<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt;">Artificial intelligence (AI) and
humankind's future are hotly debated and speculative subjects. Here are some
important things to think about:</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">
AI and automation have the potential to have a significant impact on the labor
market, leading to job displacement. They have the power to automate a lot of
jobs that are currently done by humans, even though they might also open up new
business prospects and industries. This might result in a large-scale loss of jobs
and the requirement for workers to retrain or acquire new skills.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Enhancement of Human Capabilities</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: Artificial Intelligence (AI) has
promise for enhancing human talents across diverse domains, such as healthcare
and creativity. For instance, AI-driven creative tools can help designers and
artists come up with fresh ideas and concepts, while AI-powered medical
diagnostics can improve the precision and effectiveness of diagnoses. <br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Implications for Ethics and Society</b>:
The creation and application of AI present difficult issues for ethics and
society. It is imperative to meticulously tackle concerns like algorithmic
prejudice, privacy infringement, and the possibility of mishandling AI
technology to guarantee that they serve society holistically and do not worsen
pre-existing disparities.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The Singularity: A few futurists and
technologists theorize that there may be a technological singularity—a
fictitious future event in which artificial intelligence (AI) develops to such
an extent that it eclipses human intelligence and control. Such a situation
could have utopian or dystopian consequences, depending on how it plays out. <br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Human-Machine Collaboration</b>: Many
experts support a vision of human-machine collaboration in which AI systems
complement human talents and expertise, rather than seeing AI as a replacement
for people. This method highlights how crucial it is to create AI technologies
that are consistent with human values and objectives.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">AI integration and transhumanism</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: Transhumanism is a philosophical
movement that promotes using technology, including AI, to improve human
capabilities and go beyond biological constraints. Some transhumanists see a
day when artificial intelligence (AI) and humans combine to create a new class
of intelligent being that blurs the lines between human and machine
intelligence.<br />
<br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Regulatory and Policy Considerations</b>:
As artificial intelligence (AI) technologies progress, more frameworks and
rules are required to control their creation and application. This entails
dealing with concerns about AI systems' responsibility, safety, and openness.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">In conclusion, there are many facets
to the future of AI for humans, which presents both opportunities and
challenges. Future social movements will be shaped by a variety of elements,
such as advancements in technology, moral dilemmas, and legislative choices.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">It's critical to look at a range of
scenarios and trends that may influence human existence while thinking about
the future of people and their potential benefits and downsides. Future humans
may find these applications and disadvantages useful: <br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Applications</b>: <br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Enhanced Abilities</b>: Technological
advancements that increase longevity, physical strength, and cognitive ability
may be advantageous for humanity in the future. These improvements may make it
possible for people to work more productively and successfully.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Space Exploration</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: As humanity continues to explore space, it's possible that
future generations of people will have evolved the appropriate adaptations to
survive in conditions that are alien to them. For this to resist the rigors of
space travel and colonization, technical advancements or genetic alterations
may be necessary. <br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Environmental Adaptation</b>: Future
generations of humanity may need to adjust to shifting environmental conditions
due to the growing effects of climate change. This could entail technology
advancements to slow down environmental degradation or biological changes to
increase resistance to extreme weather occurrences.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Technological developments in
healthcare could result in individualized therapies and treatments based on a
patient's genetic profile. Improved disease prevention strategies, early
illness detection, and focused interventions may help future humans achieve
better general health and wellbeing. <br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Artificial Intelligence Integration</b>:
In the future, people may interact with AI systems to improve cognitive
functions, make better decisions, and have access to a wealth of data. A
human-AI symbiosis could result in important breakthroughs in a number of disciplines,
including science, engineering, and the arts.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Cons: <br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Inequality</b>: As technology develops,
there may be a gap between those who can afford improvements and those who
cannot, aggravating already-existing social and economic disparities. Tensions
in society and differences in opportunities and results could result from this.
<br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Ethical Dilemmas</b>: Attempts to
improve human capabilities give rise to difficult moral conundrums involving
equity, consent, and the meaning of humanity. Careful thought must be given to
issues such as the justice of genetic improvements, the possibility of
unforeseen effects, and the loss of human identity and agency.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Dependency on Technology: There is a
risk of dependency and the loss of critical skills as people depend more and
more on technology for daily work and decision-making. Future generations of
people might find it difficult to adjust to circumstances in which technology
is broken or unavailable, creating vulnerabilities and possibly upsetting
society norms. <br />
<br />
<b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;">Loss of Diversity</b>: A loss of
biological and cultural diversity may result from the widespread use of genetic
modifications and technology advancements. Homogenization of characteristics
and actions may reduce the diversity of human experience and restrict chances
for originality and creativity.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Existential hazards</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 150%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">: There are existential hazards associated with the aim of
improving human capabilities, particularly through genetic engineering and
artificial intelligence. The survival of humanity may be threatened by
unintended effects including the rise of new diseases, ecological catastrophes,
or the development of superintelligent AI with contradictory agendas. <br />
<br />
It is imperative to take into account the ethical, social, and environmental
ramifications of technological breakthroughs when navigating the possible
applications and limitations of future human populations. In order to shape a
sustainable and just future for humanity, innovation must be balanced with
responsible management of human values and the planet's resources.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">https://www.jimsgn.org/</span></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="line-height: 150%;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Prof.(Dr.) </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Latha Banda, Head CSE</span><br style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;" /></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: 150%;"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-45598566497116440422024-03-21T09:45:00.000+05:302024-03-21T09:45:00.775+05:30COMPARING BJMC AND BMC COURSES: A CLOSER LOOK (Check Job Profiles and Key Difference Points)<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Two well-known programs in the field of mass communication and media studies are the Bachelor of Journalism and Mass Communication (BJMC) and the Bachelor of Mass Communication (BMC). Although they both explore the complex media landscape, their courses of study, career opportunities, and skill sets couldn't be more different. We need to investigate these differences further in order to understand the subtleties of<a href="https://www.jimsgn.org/"> BJMC</a> and BMC classes. </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-0666382e-7fff-935e-269c-14680abc808d"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">When deciding on these couses, students often feel overwhelmed. There are some students that see very little difference between the two couses and think they are very similar. Consequently, this post will serve as a guide for you to comprehend the distinction between them as well as some significant shared characteristics of the courses. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Students in the <a href="https://www.jimsgn.org/">Bachelor of Mass Communication </a>programme gain knowledge about the production, dissemination, and reception of ideas. They gain knowledge of media technology as well as the cultural and social effects of these innovations. Media such as television, radio, newspapers, and online platforms including social media, video sharing sites, and blogs are all part of mass media that students study.</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Writing for newspapers and magazines, as well as public relations, photography, and broadcast journalism are all topics covered in both classes. The goal of both the Bachelor of Mass Communication and the Bachelor of Journalism is to produce journalists that are competent in all the numerous facets of contemporary journalism. Students gain hands-on experience in the real world by writing about and collaborating with actual people. Investigating and confirming stories is a major focus in journalism schools. Coursework may cover topics such as audio/video production, photography, blogging, print design, and writing. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Bachelor of Journalism and Mass Communication (BJMC):</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This course is designed to educate students in the field of journalism, preparing them for a career as journalists. The Bachelor of Journalism and Mass Communication (BJMC) programme provides students with a comprehensive and immersive education in their field, combining theoretical knowledge with practical skills. The Bachelor of Journalism and Mass Communication programme has a duration of 3 years, divided into 6 semesters. Applicants who have successfully finished their 12th grade from an accredited educational board and achieved a minimum of 50% marks in the examination are eligible to submit an application for the BJMC Course. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The course seeks to cultivate the necessary abilities for a profession in journalism, as well as information and public relations. It also incorporates the most recent technology advancements in this field. This programme will equip students with the necessary skills and knowledge to pursue various occupations in the field of media and communications, such as journalism, content writing, print and digital media publicity, editing, press relations, website development, advertising and promotion management, and media management.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Undergraduates enrolled in BJMC receive a well-rounded education that prepares them for careers in the ever-changing media and communication industries. It includes both the academic background and hands-on experience that are necessary for success in a wide range of media fields. Some important parts of the BJMC program are as follows: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Focus of the Curriculum:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Journalism ethics, media law, news reporting, editing, Graphics, along with mass communication field (Public Relations, Media Research, Event Management, Advertising and digital media) creation are just a few of the many topics covered in the BJMC curriculum. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Students learn the ins and outs of print, broadcast, web, and investigative journalism, among other forms. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Improvement of Abilities: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The BJMC programs place a strong emphasis on practical training. Photography, video editing, radio broadcasting, and news writing etc. are some of the hands-on activities that students are participating in. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">They acquire research, communication, and critical thinking abilities necessary for a career in journalism, as well as the ability to use a variety of media channels effectively.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Job Descriptions:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Media organizations, news agencies, radio firms, newspapers, and online media platforms, PR Agency, Advertising Agency, Research Organisation are common places where BJMC alums find work as reporters, editors, content creators, and correspondents. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Their career paths may also take them into fields like media research, communication consulting, or public relations. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Bachelor of Mass Communication (BMC): </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In contrast, The programme is designed for undergraduate students and offers a comprehensive education in both the theoretical and practical areas of communication. The duration of the study is three years, and the minimum need to enrol in a Bachelor of Mass Communication programme is successful completion of 12th grade from a recognised educational board. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The Bachelor of Mass Communication programme focuses on developing skills in problem-solving. The primary goal of the BMC curriculum is to cultivate graduates who possess not only a degree, but also the ability to analyse and effectively handle real-life scenarios. A graduate in mass communication should possess the capacity and ingenuity to effectively handle any issue that may occur in their daily professional life.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Some things that set BMC courses apart are: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Diversity in the Curriculum:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Among the many diverse topics covered by BMC students are advertising, public relations, film studies, media management, visual communication, communication theory, and more. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">It teaches students about the many dimensions of mass communication, which opens up many doors for them in the media sector. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /><br /></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Learning New Abilities: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Courses in BMC, like those in BJMC, place an emphasis on hands-on training, but with a broader scope because it focus only on mass communication field. Media marketing, public relations, advertising campaign planning, filmmaking, and multimedia content development are some of the abilities that students learn. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Audience behavior analysis, Communication strategy development, and cross-platform media project execution are among the skills they acquire. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Job Descriptions: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">There is a wide variety of industries that can use BMC grads, including advertising, public relations, marketing, film, television, digital media, and corporate communications. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Career options include advertising, public relations, media planning, social media management, content strategy, filmmaking, event planning, and communication consulting. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.2; margin-bottom: 12pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration-line: underline; text-decoration-skip-ink: none; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Important Distinctions: </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Journalism, the news media and mass communication (PR, Advertising, Media Research, Event Management, New Media etc.) field are the main foci of BJMC, whereas only advertising, public relations, and cinema studies are just a few areas that BMC addresses. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Differences in Content: Although both programs provide hands-on experience, BJMC offers a more varied curriculum that goes beyond the realm of traditional journalism. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Graduates of BJMC tend to work in journalism and mass communication field, but those of BMC can choose from a broader variety of advertising, public relations, marketing, film, and other media-related professions. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Essentially, although both BJMC and BMC courses cover the same subject in terms of media and communication, they are designed to appeal to different interests and professional goals. Whether one is interested in delving into the intricacies of journalism or the complex domain of mass communication, both classes provide an exciting exploration of the fascinating media landscape. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /><br /></span></p><br /><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">--By </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Mr. Rohit Sharma</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Assistant Professor</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Department of Media and Communication Studies</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">JIMS, Greater</span></p><div><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-61753155099194798882024-03-19T11:12:00.003+05:302024-03-19T11:12:49.568+05:30Computer Science vs. Computer Engineering: What’s Right for You?<p> <b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The
study of computers (CS):</span></b></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Focus: Software and programming are the main topics of CS. Studying algorithms,
data structures, programming languages, software development processes, machine
learning, artificial intelligence, and more are all included.<br />
Career Paths: Graduates in computer science frequently work as programmers,
cybersecurity analysts, software engineers, data scientists, web developers,
and developers of software. <br />
<br />
Proficiency in programming languages, strong analytical thinking, knowledge of
algorithms and data structures, and inventiveness in software solution creation
are among the abilities required. <br />
Appropriate for: People with an interest in theoretical computing, artificial
intelligence, software development, and algorithm design. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Computer
Engineering (CE): <br />
</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Focus: Electrical engineering and computer science are combined in CE. It
includes the study of computer architecture, embedded systems, digital logic
design, hardware and software systems, signal processing, and more. <br />
Career Paths: Upon graduation, CE graduates can find employment as firmware
engineers, computer architects, network engineers, embedded systems developers,
hardware engineers, and so on. <br />
Proficiency in programming and hardware description languages (such as Verilog
and VHDL), comprehension of computer architecture, and the capacity to build
and evaluate hardware-software systems are among the skills required. <br />
Appropriate for: People with an interest in embedded systems, computer hardware
design and development, and working at the hardware-software interface.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Things
to Take Into Account: <br />
</span></b><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";"><br />
Interests: Think about the areas of technology that most interest you: hardware
design, software development, or a mix of the two. <br />
Establish your career goals and the kinds of roles and sectors you are
interested in working in. Examine employment prospects and career paths for
graduates in computer science and engineering. <br />
Skills & capabilities: Determine which field best suits your abilities by
evaluating your capabilities in programming, mathematics, problem-solving, and
technical acumen. <br />
Curriculum: Examine the courses offered in the CS and CE departments at several
universities to see which ones most closely align with your areas of interest. <br />
Long-Term Prospects: Take into account how technology is changing and how each
field might change over time. <br />
In the end, exciting professional possibilities in the constantly increasing
field of computer science and computer engineering are also offered.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Of course! Both computer science and
computer engineering are extremely fulfilling professions with lots of room to
advance and make a mark in the rapidly changing IT sector. There are a ton of
fascinating opportunities and challenges whether you decide to focus on
hardware design, software development, or the interdisciplinary areas where the
two meet.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Rapid technological advancement is
fueling innovation in a wide range of fields, including robotics,
cybersecurity, artificial intelligence, and machine learning. Experts in
computer science and computer engineering are vital to determining how
technology will grow in the future, since they contribute to innovative
studies, create state-of-the-art goods and services, and tackle difficult
societal issues.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">The information and abilities acquired
in computer science and computer engineering are highly portable and in-demand
across industries, regardless of the career route you select. Furthermore, all
disciplines provide chances for lifelong learning and job advancement, enabling
people to remain current and adjust to the rapidly changing technological
environment.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ultimately, both computer science
and computer engineering offer rich and fulfilling career paths that can lead
to meaningful contributions and personal growth in the fast-paced world of
technology, regardless of your passion for writing elegant code, designing
effective algorithms, constructing strong hardware systems, or developing
cutting-edge software solutions.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> https://www.jimsgn.org/</o:p></p><p class="MsoNormal"><o:p><span style="background-color: white; color: #212121; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Prof.(Dr.) </span><span style="background-color: white; color: #222222; font-family: arial, sans-serif; font-size: small;">Latha Banda, Head CSE</span></o:p></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-79391339302741584412024-03-15T15:08:00.001+05:302024-03-15T15:08:56.188+05:30Role of AI in Smart Classrooms<p> <span style="text-align: justify;">Contrary to popular belief,
digitalization is not the ultimate limit for education as well as eLearning.
This marks the inception of a cutting-edge and contemporary educational
establishment .Nearly all (99.4%) of colleges and universities in the US have
reported utilising AI in various capacities, and the significance of using
Artificial Intelligence in education is expected to grow further as we
transition into a completely digital era.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Consequently, the AI education
industry is projected to exceed USD 20 billion through 2027 because of its
numerous advantages for students and teachers .This blog will explore the
profound advantages of AI in education as well as innovative methods of
implementing AI in classrooms.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Define Smart Classroom<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Before delving further into the
application of AI in education, it is important to first comprehend the
defining characteristics of a Smart Classroom.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">A 'Smart Classroom' is a
technologically sophisticated learning environment that incorporates digital
tools and technologies to improve the learning experience. Its definition
evolves with developing trends in education technology as well as updates
to educational standards.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">These intelligent classrooms
employ practical tools such as mobile learning, augmented reality (i.e.
AR), digital content platforms, virtual reality (i.e. VR), wearable
technologies, as well as additional resources to create an engaging, simple,
and easily accessible learning experience for all individuals.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><b>Different ways in AI to
transform Smart Classroom in Education<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Having gained a clear
understanding of the essential components of a smart classroom, we can now
delve into the precise function that artificial intelligence (AI) plays in the
field of education.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Smart classrooms are always
evolving, incorporating innovative technology and methodologies to ensure
inclusive and captivating education. The utilisation of AI in the classroom as
opposed to a typical classroom setting yields a significant disparity.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;">Here, we will examine the
advantages of artificial intelligence (AI) in the classroom as well as how
AI-driven education is transforming the methods of instruction and acquisition
of knowledge.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpFirst" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">a)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Personalised
learning</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">Individualized
learning using AI transforms education. AI algorithms can assess massive
amounts of student performance, learning techniques, and preferences data. AI
can tailor lessons to individual needs, delivering a personalized learning
experience.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">Students with
learning disabilities or special needs benefit from this. By understanding each
student's strengths, weaknesses, and progress, AI can provide tailored learning
routes, flexible feedback, and targeted interventions.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;">AI-powered
educational systems that adapt have reduced student anxiety and improved
learning outcomes. It also provided instant and personalised feedback, helping
students assess their strengths and shortcomings and customise their learning.</p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpMiddle" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraphCxSpLast" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">b)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Creation
of Smart Content</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">AI
revolutionises education through the provision of highly personalised learning
experiences. Artificial intelligence is transforming both the instructional
methods used in curriculums and the process of generating educational materials
in intelligent classrooms. By utilising detailed data on student behaviour and
learning patterns, artificial intelligence (AI) may develop educational
materials that are tailored to specific learning goals. These materials may
include interactive films, quizzes, and simulations.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">AI-driven
solutions can efficiently curate and suggest pertinent resources from various
digital repositories, thereby saving teachers significant time that would
otherwise be spent searching for suitable content. Moreover, AI can aid in
modifying information to accommodate various learning styles as well as
accessibility demands, guaranteeing inclusion and addressing the varied needs
of students.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">c)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Automation
of Admin Tasks</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">The teacher's
responsibilities extend beyond the confines of the classroom. Teachers are
responsible for various routine responsibilities, including assessing
assignments, producing progress reports, organising student timetables,
developing curricula, and more.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">AI can
optimise administrative activities in education, therefore enabling teachers to
allocate more time towards genuine student involvement. This facilitates the
reduction of the administrative workload on teachers, enabling them to
concentrate on delivering individualised student assistance, so assisting in
their professional growth and enhancing their learning capacity.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">d)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Conversational
AI with assistant</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">Conversational
AI is revolutionising education in smart classrooms by offering
round-the-clock support. Conventional classrooms usually involve students
depending on minimal teacher engagement during scheduled instructional periods.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">Nevertheless,
through the incorporation of conversational AI, individuals now possess the
ability to obtain uninterrupted assistance and direction at any given time and
location.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">Virtual
assistants as well as chatbots can provide immediate responses to students'
concerns and offer rapid feedback on assignments as well as projects. Students
can get individualisedinstruction, utilise educational materials, and resolve
uncertainties at their speed, promoting engaging educational encounters even
beyond scheduled class periods.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">e)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Proctoring
based on AI</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">The increasing
prevalence of online and distance learning has raised considerable concerns
regarding the maintenance of academic integrity during examinations. AI-based
proctoring enhances the efficiency and scalability of monitoring for online
tests, notwithstanding the availability of existing tools and procedures for
this purpose.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">Through the
utilisation of recognition of faces, eye tracking, as well as audio analysis,
artificial intelligence (AI) can identify dubious conduct and identify
instances of plagiarism or content generated by AI. This can significantly
enhance the integrity of the education system. </p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">It can also be
utilised for evaluating, hence decreasing the amount of time teachers spend on
grading tests or assignments by 70%.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">f)<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]-->Enhancing
Data-Driven DM</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">The full
potential of AI in educational settings lies in its ability to offer profound
insights and analytics. AI algorithms in smart classrooms gather and analyse
extensive data concerning student achievement, engagement, and educational
habits.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">AI enables the
rapid and precise analysis of large volumes of data, resulting in the provision
of specific insights based on data, which would typically need weeks or months
to obtain by manual methods. In addition to aiding in individual student
performance & grading, it can also assist teachers and educators in
identifying gaps and obstacles to adapting educational standards as well as
curriculum accordingly.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">The
utilisation of data in this strategy enables educators to make well-informed
judgements and implement proactive steps to enhance teaching strategies and
student results.</p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;">https://www.jimsgn.org/</p><p class="MsoNormal"><b>- Manu Sharma<o:p></o:p></b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-left: 18.0pt; text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-3879631587566457762024-03-04T14:10:00.001+05:302024-03-04T14:10:04.624+05:30Growing Real Estate Business and Rights of Apartment Owner:<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">According to a report ‘’Annual Survey of India’s City Systems by Janagraha, a major think tank body has revealed how more than two third(39%) capital cities in India have no active Master Plans and 26 of the 35 capital cities don’t have sectoral plan, which are key for and planned development of urban areas as reported in Times of India dtd. October 18</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> 2023. </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-6e570e4e-7fff-69f8-4694-05798ef2c605"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">SDG 11 recognizes that the need to make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable. Specifically of note is target 11.1: By 2030, ensure access for all to adequate, safe and affordable housing and basic services and upgrade slums. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The growing development of metropolitan cities has raised the concern of sustainable and accessible housing for all. People moves towards the cities for their employment and start weaving their dream home which they expected affordable as well as having all the amenities. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Entries 6 in the concurrent list of the constitution of India includes transfer of property other than agricultural land: registration of deeds and documents. Again entry 7 of the list includes partnership, agency, contracts of carriage, and other special forms of contracts, but not including contracts relating to agricultural land.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Indian real estate falls under the purview of a combination of State-specific and Central laws. The reason behind such an arrangement is the definition of ‘land’ in the Constitution of India. As per Article 246, ‘land’ is the subject matter of List 2 or State List of the Seventh Schedule that covers subjects on which only States can legislate. On the other hand, ‘Transfer of property other than agricultural land, registration of documents and deeds and ‘Contracts other than for agricultural land’ fall under List 3 or Concurrent List of the Seventh Schedule to the Constitution of India, that are subjects on which both the Centre and the State can legislate. As properties are closely related to land-related concerns; hence, real estate in India is associated with speckled laws.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Real estate in India is governed by multiple laws that vary across States. Some vital laws impacting the country’s landscape of real estate industry include the Real Estate (Regulation and Development) Act, 2016 (RERA), the Transfer of Property Act, 1882, and the Registration Act, 1908; The Indian Contract Act 1973. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Besides the laws stated above, the Indian real estate sector is also governed by multiple state or local or municipal laws, customs and policies. These include nuances concerning slum rehabilitation and redevelopment, rent control, urban development, property tax, ownership of property, Special Economic Zones (SEZs), land pooling, land ceiling, land zoning and land use, among others.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Since the commencement of Real Estate Regulation Act in , 21 states have already announced the rules, but West Bengal has made its own rules and regulations. The Seven sister states are still lacking behind. The implementation of the Act has been best in West and North India. Maharashtra, specifically, is leading the way in terms of regulations and litigation, with the state accounting for around 59% of the whole projects registered up to now countrywide.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The real estate sector play a significant role </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">in meeting the country’s housing and infrastructure needs and demands. Though the sector has grown rapidly and significantly in recent years only, with the absence of uniformity and lack of adequate buyer protection, it seems to be not properly regulated. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Though to address the problems of buyers the Real Estate Regulation Act came in the year 2016 </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">which aims to inter alia protect the rights and interests of consumers by minimising the malpractices done by the developers, the Act couldn’t met with the demand of uniformity of its provisions and lack of adequate buyer’s protection. And hence Hon’ble Supreme Court has to interfere.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In November 2021, the Hon’ble Supreme Court pronounced a judgement on </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Newtech Promoters</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> & </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Developer</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> v. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">State of UP</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> and Others which has been deemed to be one of the landmark verdicts in the real estate sector.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In August 2021, the Supertech towers were demolished after a Supreme Court order which cited it as an illegal construction. In its verdict the Supreme Court pointed out multiple instances wherein the builders colluded with officials in authority in Noida to build the structure in violation of building codes.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The role of Residents Welfare Association plays a significant role from the day the project has completed its 2/3 rd of construction. In </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Supertech Ltd</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. v. </span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Emerald Court Owner Resident Welfare Association</span><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">, 2021 SCC OnLine SC 648, decided on 31-8-2021 the Supreme Court observed that</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">“In any case, rights under the U.P. 1975 Act and U.P. Apartments Act 2010 have been provided to individual flat owners, and not to collective bodies like the RWA. Hence, even the non-constitution of the RWA will not extinguish the rights of individual flat owners. Indeed, however, when such RWAs do exist, developers may use them to seek a common consent from all the flat owners instead of approaching them all individually.”...</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 6pt 0pt 14pt 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Among many things, the tenure of the members of the Apartment Owners Association (AOA) has always been an issue in dispute. This is due to the fact that model bye-laws made by the UP government under the UP Apartment Act, 2010 contain two contrary provisions when it comes to the tenure of the board of management of the Apartment Owners Association. On one side the model byelaws state that the term of office of the Board of Management is one year. This means that elections to all ten posts in the Board of Management shall be held on an annual basis. However, on the other hand, it states that arrangements have to be made by the Board of Management for retiring 1/3rd of its members on an annual basis. Furthermore, there is a provision provided in the model byelaws that restricts the continuance of a person on the same post for more than two years.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 14pt 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">These contrary provisions in the law gave some of the apartment owners loopholes to bypass the mandate of the law. It was observed in the state of Uttar Pradesh and especially in Noida, Ghaziabad, and Greater Noida that arrangements were made by the elected Board of Management of the AOA for retiring 1/3rd of its members on an annual basis, however, some members of the Board of Management continued to occupy the offices of President, Secretary and the treasurer in the Board without contesting annual elections for two years and there used to be no certainty when these members would face elections.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 14pt 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The position has now been made clear by the Hon’ble Allahabad High Court in the Writ Petition </span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">WRIT – C No. – 12380 of 2023</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> titled “</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-style: italic; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Windsor Park Residents Welfare Association Vs. State Of U.P. And 4 Others</span><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">” noted that “The system of elections adopted by the petitioner creates an entitled class which is entrenched in elected office but avoids electoral contest and abjures accountability of elected representatives. The legislature assiduously sought to curb this evil with the promulgation of the Apartment Act, 2010 read with Model Byelaws dated 16th November 2011 notified thereunder.” and further held that “Elections to the 10 posts in the Board of Management shall be held annually in future, and in light of this judgment and in accordance with the Apartment Act, 2010, read with Model Bye-Laws dated 16th November 2011 notified thereunder.”</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="background-color: white; line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; padding: 0pt 0pt 14pt 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="background-color: transparent; font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This made the position law abundantly clear and paved a path for more democratic and transparent functioning of the apartment societies.</span></p><span style="background-color: white; color: #1f1f1f; font-family: "Google Sans", Roboto, sans-serif; font-size: 12px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Dr Rumi Ahmed</span></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-78960048313765705682024-02-26T11:21:00.002+05:302024-02-26T11:21:24.335+05:30Traversing the Digital Landscape: An In-Depth Exploration of Cybersecurity<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify;">There has never been a greater
pressing need for strong cybersecurity measures in our age of growing
interconnectedness and unparalleled digital landscape expansion. The protection
of our data, privacy, and the foundation of our online life depends on
cybersecurity, which is more than simply a catchphrase. We're going to take a
tour of the fundamentals of cybersecurity in this blog post, discussing its
significance, present problems, and preventative steps to safeguard our digital
future.</span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">I. Understanding
Cybersecurity:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The Evolution of Cyber Threats:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Examine how cyberthreats
have evolved, from simple viruses to complex ransomware and
state-sponsored assaults.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Draw attention to the wide
variety of risks, such as DDoS assaults, malware, phishing, and social
engineering.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The Stakes of Cybersecurity:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Talk about how
cyberattacks affect people, companies, and even governments.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Examine the effects of
cybersecurity breaches on finances, reputation, and the law.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">II. Current Challenges in
Cybersecurity:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Rise of Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs):</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Describe APTs,
highlighting the ingenuity and tenacity of these focused assaults.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Talk about current
instances of APTs and how they affect businesses.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Securing the Internet of Things (IoT):</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Examine the difficulties
in maintaining the security of the constantly growing Internet of Things
network.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Talk about the possible
dangers and repercussions of using unsecure IoT devices.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Human Factor in Cybersecurity:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Discuss how human mistake
contributes to cybersecurity incidents, highlighting the significance of
cybersecurity education and awareness.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">III. Proactive Cybersecurity
Measures:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Implementing Strong Authentication Practices:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Promote the use of
strong password regulations and multi-factor authentication.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Draw attention to how
biometrics might improve authentication security.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Endpoint Security:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Go over the significance of
protecting endpoints (computers, mobile devices) with reliable antivirus protection
that receives frequent updates.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ol start="3" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Incident Response and Disaster Recovery:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Describe the significance of possessing a
clear incident response strategy.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Highlight how disaster
recovery plans help reduce downtime and data loss.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Encryption as a Defense Mechanism:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Describe how encryption
helps to safeguard data while it's in motion and at rest.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Talk about the
significance of end-to-end encryption for channels of communication.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">A leader in cybersecurity education, Jims Engineering Management
Technical Campus expertly navigates the complex world of digital security. Jims
Engineering Management Technical Campus places a strong focus on innovative
methods, extensive education, and fostering a culture of cybersecurity
awareness, all of which demonstrate its dedication to staying ahead of new
cyber threats. Jims Engineering Management Technical Campus promotes teamwork
and shared accountability to make the internet a safer place. This collegeprepares
its students to handle the ever-changing cybersecurity landscape with
cutting-edge research and hands-on instruction. Jims Engineering Management
Technical Campus acts as a role model for the digital world, demonstrating how
education, preventative measures, and a shared commitment may strengthen our
digital future against evolving cyber dangers.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="line-height: 107%;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman, serif;">https://www.jimsgn.org/</span></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">By: Charu</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-80310650944183742442024-02-26T11:18:00.005+05:302024-02-26T11:18:46.218+05:30Traversing the Digital Landscape: An In-Depth Exploration of Cybersecurity<p> </p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">There has never been a greater
pressing need for strong cybersecurity measures in our age of growing
interconnectedness and unparalleled digital landscape expansion. The protection
of our data, privacy, and the foundation of our online life depends on
cybersecurity, which is more than simply a catchphrase. We're going to take a
tour of the fundamentals of cybersecurity in this blog post, discussing its
significance, present problems, and preventative steps to safeguard our digital
future.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">I. Understanding
Cybersecurity:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The Evolution of Cyber Threats:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Examine how cyberthreats
have evolved, from simple viruses to complex ransomware and
state-sponsored assaults.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Draw attention to the wide
variety of risks, such as DDoS assaults, malware, phishing, and social
engineering.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">The Stakes of Cybersecurity:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Talk about how
cyberattacks affect people, companies, and even governments.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l2 level2 lfo1; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Examine the effects of
cybersecurity breaches on finances, reputation, and the law.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">II. Current Challenges in
Cybersecurity:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Rise of Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs):</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Describe APTs,
highlighting the ingenuity and tenacity of these focused assaults.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Talk about current
instances of APTs and how they affect businesses.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Securing the Internet of Things (IoT):</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Examine the difficulties
in maintaining the security of the constantly growing Internet of Things
network.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l3 level2 lfo2; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Talk about the possible
dangers and repercussions of using unsecure IoT devices.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Human Factor in Cybersecurity:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Discuss how human mistake
contributes to cybersecurity incidents, highlighting the significance of
cybersecurity education and awareness.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">III. Proactive Cybersecurity
Measures:<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
<ol start="1" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Implementing Strong Authentication Practices:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Promote the use of
strong password regulations and multi-factor authentication.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Draw attention to how
biometrics might improve authentication security.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Endpoint Security:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ol>
<p class="MsoListParagraph" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 72.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; mso-add-space: auto; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo4; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18.0pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Courier New"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Courier New"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">o<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Go over the significance of
protecting endpoints (computers, mobile devices) with reliable antivirus protection
that receives frequent updates.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<ol start="3" style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="1">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Incident Response and Disaster Recovery:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul style="margin-top: 0cm;" type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0cm; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Describe the significance of possessing a
clear incident response strategy.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Highlight how disaster
recovery plans help reduce downtime and data loss.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 36.0pt; text-align: justify;"><b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Encryption as a Defense Mechanism:</span></b><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p></o:p></span></li>
<ul type="circle">
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Describe how encryption
helps to safeguard data while it's in motion and at rest.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo3; mso-margin-bottom-alt: auto; mso-margin-top-alt: auto; tab-stops: list 72.0pt; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">Talk about the
significance of end-to-end encryption for channels of communication.<o:p></o:p></span></li>
</ul>
</ol>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">A leader in cybersecurity education, Jims Engineering Management
Technical Campus expertly navigates the complex world of digital security. Jims
Engineering Management Technical Campus places a strong focus on innovative
methods, extensive education, and fostering a culture of cybersecurity
awareness, all of which demonstrate its dedication to staying ahead of new
cyber threats. Jims Engineering Management Technical Campus promotes teamwork
and shared accountability to make the internet a safer place. This collegeprepares
its students to handle the ever-changing cybersecurity landscape with
cutting-edge research and hands-on instruction. Jims Engineering Management
Technical Campus acts as a role model for the digital world, demonstrating how
education, preventative measures, and a shared commitment may strengthen our
digital future against evolving cyber dangers.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal" style="text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Times New Roman","serif"; font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%; mso-fareast-font-family: "Times New Roman"; mso-fareast-language: EN-IN; mso-font-kerning: 0pt;">By: Charu</span><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 107%;"><o:p></o:p></span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-42951322542371646612024-02-19T17:32:00.003+05:302024-02-19T17:32:47.715+05:30‘STRIKING THE HARMONY: THE IMPORTANCE OF WORK-LIFE BALANCE IN MODERN SOCIETY’<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; text-align: justify; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In the vibrant orchestra of life, the pursuit of work-life balance is akin to conducting a symphony, where each note represents a unique facet of our existence. As the demands of modern life crescendo, finding harmony between professional pursuits and personal well-being becomes paramount. This blog explores the intricate interplay of work and life, delving into its significance, the challenges encountered, and practical strategies to conduct this symphony with finesse.</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-581e979b-7fff-0e8e-b4e0-b5b08fbaf867"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In the words of renowned author and leadership expert, Stephen R. Covey, "Most of us spend too much time on what is urgent and not enough time on what is important." This sentiment encapsulates the essence of work-life balance – a pursuit not only relevant to personal fulfillment but crucial for sustained professional success.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The toll of chronic stress, often a byproduct of an imbalanced lifestyle, can lead to a myriad of health issues. Adequate time for rest, relaxation, and personal pursuits is essential for overall well-being.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Contrary to the belief that longer work hours equate to increased productivity, research suggests that burnout and fatigue can diminish efficiency. As pointed out by entrepreneur and author, Arianna Huffington, "We think, mistakenly, that success is the result of the amount of time we put in at work, instead of the quality of time we put in." A balanced life fosters a well-rested and rejuvenated mind, contributing to heightened creativity and productivity.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The fabric of our lives is woven with relationships, both personal and professional. Neglecting personal relationships in the pursuit of career goals can strain familial bonds and friendships. A well-rounded life allows individuals to invest time in building and nurturing meaningful connections, creating a support system that contributes to overall happiness.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Sustainable success in one's career requires resilience and longevity. The relentless pursuit of professional goals at the cost of personal well-being can lead to burnout, hindering long-term success. A balanced life ensures consistent performance and fosters resilience, contributing to enduring career growth.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">While the importance of work-life balance is undeniable, achieving it poses several challenges in today's dynamic and interconnected world.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The advent of technology, while providing flexibility in work arrangements, has also led to an "always-on" culture. Constant connectivity can blur the lines between work and personal life, making it challenging for individuals to fully disengage from professional responsibilities during personal time.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Societal expectations and workplace competition often create an environment where individuals feel compelled to work longer hours to prove their dedication and competence. This pressure can lead to a neglect of personal needs and relationships.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In a fast-paced world, there is often a fear of falling behind professionally if one does not consistently put in extra hours. This fear can drive individuals to prioritize work over personal life, compromising their overall well-being.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Recognizing the challenges, it becomes imperative to implement practical strategies for achieving a harmonious work-life balance.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Establishing clear boundaries between work and personal life is foundational to achieving balance. As acclaimed psychologist Adam Grant suggests, "Work hard, play hard. Balance in everything." Defining specific work hours and resisting the urge to respond to work-related communication outside those hours creates a clear separation.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The Eisenhower Matrix, a time management tool attributed to Dwight D. Eisenhower, emphasizes prioritizing tasks based on urgency and importance. By focusing on high-priority tasks during work hours, individuals can manage their workload more efficiently, leaving room for personal activities.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Acknowledging that it is impossible to handle everything single-handedly is a crucial step. Delegating tasks to colleagues or outsourcing certain responsibilities can alleviate the workload, providing more time for personal pursuits.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Treat personal time with the same level of importance as work commitments. As author and businesswoman Sheryl Sandberg states, "Make your partner a real partner." Schedule regular breaks, vacations, and leisure activities, ensuring dedicated time for personal well-being.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">While technology facilitates remote work and flexibility, it is essential to use it judiciously. Setting boundaries for technology use and designating specific times for checking work emails and messages can prevent constant connectivity, allowing for a more balanced lifestyle.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Prioritizing self-care activities such as exercise, meditation, and hobbies is fundamental to achieving work-life balance. As airline executive Oscar Munoz wisely notes, "Taking care of yourself is a lifelong job. You don't retire from it."</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In the ever-evolving landscape of work and life, the dynamics of achieving balance are continually influenced by societal shifts, technological advancements, and changing workplace norms.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The rise of remote work, accelerated by global events, has transformed traditional notions of the workplace. While it offers newfound flexibility, enabling individuals to tailor their work environment to personal preferences, it simultaneously blurs the boundaries between professional and personal life.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Organizational culture plays a pivotal role in shaping individual perceptions and behaviors regarding work-life balance. Companies that prioritize employee well-being, offer flexible schedules, and encourage a healthy work culture contribute significantly to fostering balance.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The traditional 9-to-5 model is gradually giving way to a more flexible approach to work. Flexibility, when embraced effectively, empowers individuals to tailor their work hours to suit their lifestyles, enhancing overall work satisfaction.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In a world characterized by constant connectivity, cultivating mindfulness becomes a powerful tool for maintaining work-life balance. Mindfulness practices, such as meditation and intentional breaks, can help individuals center themselves amidst the demands of a busy life.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Achieving work-life balance is not a one-time accomplishment but an ongoing journey that adapts to the evolving nature of life and work. It requires a commitment to continuous self-assessment, flexibility in adapting to changing circumstances, and a proactive approach to addressing emerging challenges.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In nut shell, work-life balance is not a luxury but a necessity for a fulfilling and sustainable life. Striking the right harmony between professional commitments and personal well-being requires intentional effort and a commitment to holistic living. In the wise words of poet Robert Frost, "In three words, I can sum up everything I've learned about life: it goes on." Balancing work and life is not a static achievement but an ongoing process that evolves with changing circumstances. By recognizing the importance of this equilibrium and adopting practical strategies, individuals can navigate the complexities of modern life with grace and fulfillment.</span></p><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; font-size: 16px; text-align: center;">Ms.Rashmi Gautam </span></span></div></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-37854918649394231752024-02-19T17:31:00.006+05:302024-02-19T17:31:43.523+05:30Green finance: A foundation stone for a sustainable future of India<p> <span style="font-family: Cambria, "serif"; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify;">Both
industrialized and developing nations are dealing with a number of urgent
energy and environmental concerns, such as rising energy costs, greenhouse gas
emissions, global warming, unmet energy efficiency targets, and a lack of
public support for the development of renewable energy sources. It is
anticipated that the banking sector would be crucial in addressing these
massive obstacles. It is insufficient to simply set up the legal and
technological structures needed to address these problems. One of the most
important obstacles to solving these problems and ensuring that everyone has
equitable and sustainable growth while staying within the parameters of the
planet is a lack of financial resources. The priority regions are not seeing a
large-scale deployment of these solutions.</span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">In order to meet
sustainability targets, reducing our dependency on fossil fuels, the cost of
power, and greenhouse gas emissions can be accomplished through energy
transition and raising the proportion of renewable energy in our energy
baskets. However, obtaining funding is more challenging for renewable energy
projects than for others. Lack of long-term funding, the presence of numerous
hazards, the lower rate of return in renewable energy projects, and
insufficient market forces are the key obstacles to financing for these
projects. Therefore, significant policy change in the area of financial
management is necessary if we are to establish a sustainable global economy.
Additionally, we must increase the financing of investments that have positive
environmental effects, a practice known as "Green Finance."<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">India has
experienced remarkable progress, albeit not without significant environmental
challenges. Long-standing problems in the nation include pollution,
deforestation, and climate change, all of which have a negative influence on
economic growth and public health. Nonetheless, the Indian government has been
implementing policies to encourage sustainable growth and lessen the nation's
carbon impact in recent years. Using green money is one of the primary tactics.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Glimpse of Green Finance <o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Started as a
movement that genuinely reflects the need that exists today to be aware of how
human activity affects the planet, green financing is setting out to create
platforms that are both creative and sustainable. Green fintech in India is
concentrated on lowering emissions and boosting biodiversity as fintech aims to
automate financial services and expedite procedures.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Green finance
basically describes financial investments that are socially and environmentally
conscious. The effectiveness of this kind of funding in reducing climate change
and advancing sustainable development is becoming more widely acknowledged. In
recent years, it has become increasingly popular in India, where the government
has launched many programs to promote green investments. <br />
The goal of green funding is to create creative and long-lasting platforms.
Green fintech in India is concentrated on lowering emissions and boosting
biodiversity as fintech aims to automate financial services and expedite
procedures. The goal of this new breed is to use technology to promote
environmental sustainability and improve the health of the earth.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Technology’s Role<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">The optimization
of technology is leading this true fintech revolution. Indeed, only because of
numerous tech-intersections like AI and Big Data has Green Finance become a
significant force redefining the financial industry. Examining how these
technologies are bringing in a new era for sustainable banking and finance.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;"><br />
First off, big data may be used to quantify how an organization's
assets—including the supply chains they trace—affect the environment. The
exposure of fixed income portfolios to different risk scenarios associated with
the transition to a low-carbon economy and the Sustainable Development Goals
(SDGs) can then be examined using this data.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Secondly, AI can
assess a company's influence on the SDGs, assisting investors in making choices
that align with sustainability objectives. <br />
Furthermore, by using its forecasting, problem-solving, and prediction skills,
AI can be used to fight climate change. AI-augmented satellite images, for
instance, can identify vegetation, forest cover, and natural disasters,
offering important insights on changes in the environment.<br />
Finally, greater progress toward accomplishing the SDGs may be made with the
use of new technologies, data sources, and analytical techniques, which will
ultimately result in a more sustainable future for everybody.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Government’s Initiatives<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">The National
Action Plan on Climate Change, which was introduced by the Indian government in
2008, was one of the most important actions done in this area. The National
Solar Mission, the National Mission for Enhanced Energy Efficiency, and the
Green India Mission were among the eight main missions that the plan
highlighted. The goal of these missions is to advance sustainable development
throughout the energy, transportation, agricultural, and forestry sectors of
the economy.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">The Indian
government has established a number of funds and organizations to provide green
funding in order to assist these aims. In order to finance renewable energy
initiatives, the National renewable Energy Fund (NCEF) was founded in 2010. A
percentage of the money collected by the coal tax levied on India's coal sector
goes to the fund. Numerous renewable energy projects, involving biomass, wind,
and solar energy, have received funding from the NCEF across the nation. <br />
The Indian Renewable Energy Development Agency (IREDA), which was founded in
1987 with the goal of promoting and funding renewable energy projects, is
another significant organization. Loans and other forms of financial support
are offered by IREDA to public and private sector organizations involved in
renewable energy initiatives.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Contribution of Private Stakeholders<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">In India, the
private sector is contributing significantly to the promotion of green finance
in addition to government measures. Green bonds are issued by a number of banks
and financial institutions and are intended to fund ecologically friendly
projects. Guidelines for the issuing and listing of green bonds in the nation
have recently been released by the Securities and Exchange Board of India
(SEBI).<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Adopting green
finance offers India a number of advantages. First of all, it lessens the
nation's carbon footprint and encourages sustainable development. This is
especially crucial for India, a nation that is predicted to rank among the top
emitters of greenhouse gases in the years to come. Second, it gives investors a
chance to support sustainable development and help create a more
environmentally friendly future. Lastly, it can aid in lowering energy costs
and enhancing national energy security.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;"><o:p> https://www.jimsgn.org/</o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><b style="mso-bidi-font-weight: normal;"><u><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">Conclusion<o:p></o:p></span></u></b></p>
<p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;">As a result, by
giving environmentally sustainable initiatives the funding they need, green
finance is really opening the door for India's sustainable future. The
country's green finance industry is expanding as a result of government
incentives, increased tech optimization, and participation from the business
sector. India stands to gain from the adoption of green finance in a number of
ways, including enhanced energy security, reduced carbon emissions, and
promotion of sustainable development. It is anticipated that India would keep
making green finance a top priority and step up efforts to create a more
sustainable and environmentally friendly future.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="normal" style="line-height: 115%; text-align: justify;"><span lang="EN-IN" style="font-family: "Cambria","serif"; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Cambria; mso-fareast-font-family: Cambria;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman"; text-align: center; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ms. Vaishali Sharma </span></span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-86428569949158939192024-02-10T11:33:00.002+05:302024-02-10T11:33:18.089+05:30Ayodhya's Ram Mandir: A Monument of Faith, Unity, and Cultural Heritage<p> <span style="background-color: white; color: #202020; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In the ancient city of Ayodhya, a sacred ground that holds centuries of history and religious significance, stands the majestic Ram Mandir. This revered temple, dedicated to Lord Ram, has been at the heart of India's cultural and spiritual heritage. The journey to the construction of the Ram Mandir in Ayodhya has been a long and tumultuous one, marked by historical events and legal battles. In this blog, we explore the rich tapestry of Ayodhya's Ram Mandir, delving into its historical roots, the significance it holds for millions, and the path that led to its construction.</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-93436c92-7fff-bb90-eedd-c15161bbe9b3"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202020; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Ayodhya, one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, is considered the birthplace of Lord Ram, a revered deity in Hinduism. The history of the Ram Janmabhoomi, the birthplace of Lord Ram, has been a focal point of contention for centuries. The Babri Masjid, built in the 16th century, stood on the disputed site, creating a source of tension between different communities. The Ayodhya dispute, a complex issue involving religious sentiments and historical claims, eventually led to a legal battle that spanned several decades.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 338px; overflow: hidden; width: 602px;"><img alt="India's Ram Mandir: A decades long Hindu nationalist dream is about to be achieved. What does this mean? | CNN" height="338" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/-Wf9rUaOfB8z0cwN_JQoWtjc7mVqLVhSd9Zd_Nmrk4FMyvG_oiOm5JadVKmDfbvUxKsGq_xM77mkhmaFZ1pxnRWdWAZrYPu8uBvZImKyPoR6dVZXatOofXyieZd3PqCjWAsrtsAsQQwwiIh6BYe1xw" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="602" /></span></span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202020; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The Ram Mandir's construction is more than just a building to millions of Hindus; it addresses the satisfaction of a centuries-old dream. The sanctuary is seen as an image of social progression, strict resistance, and the honest strength. The journey to Ayodhya and the love at the Smash Mandir hold significant otherworldly importance, drawing aficionados from the nation over.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202020; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">When the Supreme Court of India issued a landmark decision in 2019, the legal dispute over Ayodhya reached its zenith. The court decided for the development of a Smash Mandir at the contested site, recognizing the confidence and conviction of millions of Hindus. The decision was made with the intention of addressing the site's long-standing legal complexities while also fostering unity and religious harmony.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202020; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="border: none; display: inline-block; height: 338px; overflow: hidden; width: 602px;"><img height="338" src="https://lh7-us.googleusercontent.com/Z5coXEnn3IUsnvruWVBiZWJktHzV3s1b_6l-2li19vOA4TQDdOwA3aFR8TxK_O_afRXvutO88H7usPyv3XkNAWYv-Ua6uEFPaG7-p3yS_872kofCxtQlU7m1wkmLsBk27JXclriiUGzLjRYtE4g2lQ" style="margin-left: 0px; margin-top: 0px;" width="602" /></span></span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202020; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The design and architecture of the Ram Mandir are a testament to the rich cultural heritage of India. The temple is planned to be a grand structure, blending traditional architectural elements with modern engineering. The construction aims to showcase the grandeur of Indian artistry and craftsmanship, with intricate carvings, ornate domes, and symbolic motifs dedicated to Lord Ram.</span></p><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202020; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The development of the Smash Mandir isn't simply a strict occasion; It presents a chance to fortify ties of unity in a diverse nation. The comprehensive methodology taken by the public authority and different networks during the development cycle mirrors a promise to encouraging congruity and understanding among various strict gatherings.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="background-color: white; color: #202020; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The Slam Mandir of Ayodhya is something other than an actual construction; it addresses the perfection of a verifiable excursion, a lawful goal, and the encapsulation of social and otherworldly qualities. As the sanctuary comes to fruition, it remains as an image of solidarity, resilience, and the common legacy of individuals of India. The Slam Mandir is ready to turn into an encouraging sign and a demonstration of the force of confidence, flexibility, and the capacity to defeat difficulties chasing a common social heritage.</span></p><div><span style="background-color: white; color: #202020; font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="color: #222222; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px;">Indrajeet singh</span></span></div></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-31238277146636025352024-02-09T16:11:00.004+05:302024-02-09T16:17:56.850+05:30Unraveling the Power of Dynamic Programming: A Dive into Optimal Problem Solving<p> </p><div style="border: 1pt none rgb(217, 217, 227); mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm;">
<p class="normal" style="border-bottom: 0cm none #D9D9E3; border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 15.0pt; margin: 15pt 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Introduction:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="border-bottom: 0cm none #D9D9E3; border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 15.0pt; margin: 15pt 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0cm; mso-padding-top-alt: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Dynamic
Programming (DP) is a powerful algorithmic technique that has found its
applications in solving a wide range of computational problems. It's a method
that allows us to break down complex problems into simpler sub problems, solve
them just once, and store their solutions for future use. In this blog, we'll
explore the fundamentals of dynamic programming, its key principles, and how it
revolutionizes problem-solving in computer science and beyond.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="border-bottom: 0cm none #D9D9E3; border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 15.0pt; margin: 15pt 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0cm; mso-padding-top-alt: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Understanding
Dynamic Programming:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="border-bottom: 0cm none #D9D9E3; border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 15.0pt; margin: 15pt 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0cm; mso-padding-top-alt: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Dynamic
Programming is a paradigm that aims to solve problems by breaking them down
into smaller, overlapping sub problems. Unlike other approaches that might
solve the same sub problems repeatedly, dynamic programming optimizes the
process by solving each sub problem only once and storing its solution. This
way, when the same sub problem arises, its solution can be directly retrieved
rather than recomputed.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 15.0pt; margin: 15pt 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; mso-padding-top-alt: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Key Principles of Dynamic
Programming:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 15.0pt; margin: 15pt 0cm 0cm 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Optimal Substructure:</span></p>
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<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo2; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">●<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">One of the defining characteristics of problems suitable for
dynamic programming is optimal substructure. This means that the optimal
solution to the overall problem can be constructed from optimal solutions to
its sub problems.</span></p>
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<div style="border: 1pt none rgb(217, 217, 227); margin-left: 18pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm;">
<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Overlapping Sub problems:</span></p>
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<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo2; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">●<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Dynamic programming excels when sub problems overlap, meaning
the same sub problems are solved multiple times. By storing the solutions to
these sub problems, dynamic programming avoids redundant computations.</span></p>
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<div style="border: 1pt none rgb(217, 217, 227); margin-left: 18pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm;">
<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Memorization and Tabulation:</span></p>
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<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 15pt 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l1 level2 lfo2; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">●<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Two common methods for
implementing dynamic programming are memorization and tabulation. Memorization
involves storing the results of expensive function calls and returning the
cached result when the same inputs occur again. Tabulation, on the other hand,
involves filling up a table with the results of solving sub problems in a
specific order.</span></p>
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<div style="border: 1pt none rgb(217, 217, 227); mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm;">
<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 15.0pt; margin: 15pt 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Applications of Dynamic Programming:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
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<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 0cm; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 15.0pt; margin: 15pt 0cm 0cm 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Fibonacci Sequence:</span></p>
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<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">●<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">The Fibonacci sequence is a classic example where dynamic
programming shines. By memorizing or tabulating the solutions to smaller
Fibonacci numbers, the computation of larger Fibonacci numbers becomes
significantly more efficient.</span></p>
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<div style="border: 1pt none rgb(217, 217, 227); margin-left: 18pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm;">
<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Shortest Path Problems:</span></p>
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<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">●<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Dynamic programming is widely used in finding the shortest paths
in graphs. Algorithms like Dijkstra's and Floyd-Warshall leverage DP principles
to optimize the computation of paths in weighted graphs.</span></p>
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<div style="border: 1pt none rgb(217, 217, 227); margin-left: 18pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm;">
<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Knapsack Problem:</span></p>
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<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">●<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">The knapsack problem, which involves selecting a combination of
items with maximum value without exceeding a given weight, can be efficiently
solved using dynamic programming techniques.</span></p>
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<div style="border: 1pt none rgb(217, 217, 227); margin-left: 18pt; margin-right: 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm;">
<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-left: 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;"><span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";">
</span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">String Matching and Edit Distance:</span></p>
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<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; margin-left: 18.0pt; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 0cm; margin: 0cm 0cm 15pt 18pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-list: l0 level2 lfo1; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify; text-indent: -18pt;"><!--[if !supportLists]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">●<span style="font: 7pt "Times New Roman";"> </span></span></span><!--[endif]--><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Dynamic programming plays a
crucial role in string matching algorithms and calculating the edit distance
between two strings. The famous Levenshtein distance algorithm is a classic
example of dynamic programming applied to strings.</span></p>
</div>
<div style="border: 1pt none rgb(217, 217, 227); mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm;">
<p class="normal" style="border-bottom: 0cm none #D9D9E3; border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; margin-left: 0cm; margin-right: 0cm; margin-top: 15.0pt; margin: 15pt 0cm; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-border-bottom-alt: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; mso-padding-bottom-alt: 0cm; padding-bottom: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Conclusion:<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-top: 15pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; mso-padding-top-alt: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Dynamic Programming has proven to be an invaluable tool in the
realm of computer science and problem-solving. By intelligently breaking down
complex problems into manageable sub problems and efficiently storing their
solutions, dynamic programming offers a systematic and optimized approach to a
myriad of computational challenges. As we continue to delve into the
intricacies of algorithms and optimization techniques, the principles of
dynamic programming will undoubtedly remain a cornerstone of efficient problem-solving
strategies.<o:p></o:p></span></p><p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-top: 15pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; mso-padding-top-alt: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"><br /></span></p><p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-top: 15pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; mso-padding-top-alt: 0cm; padding-top: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;"></span></p><div style="border: none #D9D9E3 1.0pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-element: para-border-div; padding: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm;">
<p class="normal" style="border: none; margin-bottom: 15.0pt; mso-border-alt: none #D9D9E3 0cm; mso-border-between: 0cm none #D9D9E3; mso-padding-alt: 0cm 0cm 0cm 0cm; mso-padding-between: 0cm; padding: 0cm; text-align: justify;"><b><span style="color: #374151; font-family: Roboto; font-size: 12.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-bidi-font-family: Roboto; mso-fareast-font-family: Roboto;">Alok Barddhan<o:p></o:p></span></b></p>
</div>
</div>
<p class="normal" style="text-align: justify;"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-37214408843071178732024-01-25T10:51:00.001+05:302024-01-25T10:51:09.776+05:30Security Agents for Information Retrieval in an IOT World<p> In the context of information retrieval in an IoT (Internet
of Things) world, security agents play a crucial role in ensuring the
confidentiality, integrity, and availability of data. These agents are software
components or modules embedded within IoT systems to monitor, enforce security
policies, and respond to security events. Here are key functions and
characteristics of security agents for information retrieval in an IoT
environment:</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Authentication and Authorization:</b> Security agents
must enforce strong authentication mechanisms to verify the identity of devices
and users seeking to retrieve information. Implement role-based access control
(RBAC) to ensure that only authorized entities can access specific information.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Encryption and Decryption: </b>Employ encryption
algorithms to secure data in transit and at rest during the information
retrieval process. Security agents should manage key exchange securely and
ensure that data is decrypted only by authorized recipients.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Integrity Verification:</b> Implement mechanisms to
verify the integrity of retrieved data, preventing unauthorized tampering or
alteration. Use cryptographic hash functions or digital signatures to validate
data integrity.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Secure Communication Protocols:</b> Support and enforce
the use of secure communication protocols (e.g., TLS/SSL) for data exchange
between IoT devices and backend systems. Monitor and control communication
channels to detect and prevent unauthorized access.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Access Logging and Auditing:</b><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>Maintain detailed logs of information
retrieval activities to support auditing and forensic analysis. Security agents
should log access attempts, successful retrievals, and any security-related
events.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Anomaly Detection and Intrusion Prevention:</b> Implement
anomaly detection mechanisms to identify unusual patterns or behaviors during
information retrieval. Security agents should be capable of responding to and
mitigating potential security threats in real-time.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Device Identity Management:</b> Assign unique identities
to IoT devices and manage these identities securely. Ensure that device
identities are used for authentication and authorization purposes.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Secure APIs and Protocols:</b> If information retrieval
involves APIs, ensure that they are designed with security in mind. Use secure
and well-established protocols for interaction between IoT devices and backend
systems.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Firmware and Software Integrity:</b> Implement measures
to ensure the integrity of firmware and software running on IoT devices. Regularly
update and patch security agents to address vulnerabilities and improve
resilience.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Regulatory Compliance:</b> Ensure that security agents
adhere to relevant data protection and privacy regulations. Provide features
that support compliance reporting and auditing.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Incident Response and Recovery:</b> Develop and regularly
update an incident response plan for handling security incidents. Security
agents should facilitate quick detection, response, and recovery from security
breaches.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>User Education:</b></p>
<p class="MsoNormal">Educate users and administrators about the security features
and best practices related to information retrieval in the IoT ecosystem. Promote
awareness of potential risks and the importance of adhering to security
guidelines.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><b>Scalability and Resource Efficiency:</b> Security agents
should be designed to scale efficiently with the growing number of IoT devices.
Consider resource constraints on IoT devices and ensure that security processes
do not significantly impact performance.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal">In summary, security agents in an IoT world need to be
comprehensive, adaptive, and capable of protecting information throughout the
data lifecycle. They play a vital role in establishing a secure and trustworthy
IoT environment, especially when dealing with sensitive information retrieval
processes. Regular updates, monitoring, and adherence to best practices are
essential for maintaining the effectiveness of security agents in the rapidly
evolving IoT landscape.</p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%;">By: Meena Sachdeva<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="display: none; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hide: all;">Top of Form<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="display: none; font-family: "Arial","sans-serif"; font-size: 8.0pt; line-height: 115%; mso-hide: all;">Top of Form<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><o:p> </o:p></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-11902283714775534002024-01-25T10:48:00.006+05:302024-01-25T10:48:58.282+05:30The Changing face of Education <p> </p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">Around 3500
BC various writing systems developed in ancient civilizations around the world
, pictographic and logographic script followed by cuneiform script that took
many years to master and only a limited number of individuals were scribes who
were trained in reading and writing. The surfaces used for writing were wax
covered writing boards, strips of barks from trees ,thick palm leaves that were
punctured with a hole and stacked together like the pages of a book.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>In India during the Vedic period
1500 BC to 600 BC ,the epics Mahabharata and Ramayan<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>formed a part of ancient Indian Education
.During this time the students would memorize the content uttered by Gurus, the
students would go to their Guru’s house at the age of five and would return
home after completing their studies by the age of twenty four. The society in
no way interfered with the Guru –Shishya teaching learning as the system was
fully residential the student not only learnt what was taught but also observed
his teacher. The teacher-taught shared a personal relation between them, during
this period they would learn the art of using weapons according to their ability
and others would learn ‘Shastra’s’. Vocational system of education was also prevalent
then.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>This system of education upheld the
dignity of labour where the students were involved in some manual work such as
collecting fuel, tending cattle, cleaning, washing etc.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>During the Medival period education
depended on state support it was by and large dominated by religion. ’Pathshala’s’
imparted elementary education where emphasis was laid on reading, writing and
arithmetic.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The modern education system came into
being by the 19 th century, it had great impact on the Indian society –in a way
that our culture, tradition, knowledge and values seem to get affected.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The <span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>present system of education has become formal
and is imparted in a structured environment by a trained certified teacher who
is a subject expert .It can be categorized as pre-school, primary, secondary,
higher, vocational and special.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The concept of Public schools has taken over
our traditional education system; the use of electronic education technology
has also become dominant. Universal Primary education is an International
millennium goal .Digital Technology has impacted us at work, home, school and
college, all these computing devices –from laptops to personal computers to
tablets to smart phones are dismantling knowledge and transforming the role of
a teacher to that of a facilitator.<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>The post modern stage of education will
firmly follow the dictum ‘Vasudhaiva Kutumbakam’-we see the future full of data
base of e-books ,satellite broadcast class rooms, electronic meetings and
distance learning .Students will be connected to experts all over the world.
Students will meet their teachers and mentors virtually, collaborate and learn together,
with provision of simultaneous translation available for those who don’t share
a common language. Learning will take place as per the need and interest of the
students –it could be in a hospital, farm, factory or museum. Learning will be
independent of age, electronic tutors will cater to the needs of students,
these virtual tutors will be sensitive to the mood, anxiety and confidence of
students, the future class room with a huge digital screen will be loaded with
the feature of smell and feeling……<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><span style="mso-spacerun: yes;"> </span>But will that mean that we do away with
schools and colleges ? ……….Parents will still want their wards to be in the
company of other children in a caring educational environment where they learn
to care and share…….<o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;">The Teacher
Training colleges imparting the formal B.Ed degree have their curriculum
designed according to the needs of the students- preparing them for the future.
At the JIMS B.Ed college we go an extra mile to educate our pupil teachers to
fruitfully serve as Nation Builders which in the true sense is being achieved
through the rigorous training sessions, curricular & co curricular
activities creating confident Teachers of tomorrow. <o:p></o:p></span></p>
<p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14.0pt; line-height: 115%;"><o:p> </o:p></span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Dr Rekha Mahaja</span></p><p class="MsoNormal"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;">Principal & Professor</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;"> </span><span style="font-size: 18.6667px;">JEMTEC</span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> Greater Noida</span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt; line-height: 21.4667px;"> </span></p><p class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span><span style="font-size: 14pt;"> </span></p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-36013082490350072002024-01-06T09:27:00.000+05:302024-01-06T09:27:12.870+05:30SPORTS AND ECONOMIC EMPOWERMENT OF WOMEN<p> Women have been able to break free from the Stereotypes of what it means to be women this</p><p>Century. Women have broken free from the confines of the home and made their way into a</p><p>variety of traditionally male-dominated fields, including sports. She is now compete in sports on</p><p>their own</p><p>Women have advanced significantly in many area in the past Century.. Today, women are able to</p><p>hold jobs, own property, and play professional sports. Women can now participate in sports, a</p><p>relic of male dominance, because there is space for them there. However, even today, men and</p><p>women are seen differently in sports. This is largely a product of the current cultural ideal of</p><p>women.</p><p>.Sports activities illustrate a variety of phenomena. It reflects health and fitness first and</p><p>foremost. Due to growing public awareness of health issues, it has developed into a leisure</p><p>activity that people engage in to maintain their physical and mental fitness. Second, other crucial</p><p>social qualities like teamwork, leadership, decision-making, accepting responsibility, etc. are</p><p>also embodied in sports. Thirdly, sports are linked to mental fitness and are good at igniting a</p><p>person&#39;s passion and drive. The path towards success as sports women was not easy, they have to</p><p>face many challenges from society. Women can be empowered through education, sports and</p><p>physical activity By increasing activity and providing equal opportunities in different areas of</p><p>life Sport is not widely recognized as a suitable or desirable occupation for girls and women.</p><p>Today In the 21st century, women’s involvement in play and sports has become a major concern.</p><p>However, the reality is that women’s participation in games and sport is an illusion. It’s easy to see how</p><p>women suffer from various social issues in our everyday lives. Women are often at a disadvantage in</p><p>society. Empowerment is a powerful tool for improving women’s skills, resourcefulness, and strategies</p><p>for making life decisions. The economic, social, and political position of women traditionally</p><p>disadvantaged in society is improving. Sport and physical activity is now recognized as a way to</p><p>empower girls and women and is gaining global recognition.</p><p>As the number of women participating in sporting events increases, so too does gender bias. But women</p><p>compete in sports for more than just physical health. Women compete in sports for social engagement,</p><p>speed up the progress of gender equality and break down gender stereotypes. Women who participate in</p><p>sports competitions feel empowered and develop leadership skills. Women today are learning to live for</p><p>themselves, and the shift in society is very encouraging for women to choose careers in sports. Women’s</p><p>sports achievements and distinctions set a good example for young girls to follow and encourage them to</p><p>play sports and work towards gender equality.</p><p>Social prejudices often prevent women from considering themselves physically strong and</p><p>capable</p><p><br /></p><p>and autonomous individuals. Sports have become a tool or instrument over last few years. These</p><p>self limiting views are being fought by women.. As women&#39;s participation increases, in physical</p><p>activities, sport is seen as a mechanism for women&#39;s empowerment at worldwide, state &amp;national levels. ,</p><p>sport is seen as a means of empowering women. Participating in physical exercises and activities</p><p>allows you to live with dignity.</p><p><br /></p><p>Conclusion</p><p>We are proud of you every day. This is a proof that Indian games and sports have come a long way as a</p><p>way to open doors for women and empowers them. Various mass entertainment programs and sporting</p><p>events can be classified under the adult age group with the help of large-scale and targeted advertising.</p><p>These initiatives will improve the well-being and standard of living of women in both urban and rural</p><p>areas.</p><p>Dr Richa Srivastava</p><p>Assistant Professor</p><p>Law Department</p><p>Jims Engineering Management Technical campus ,Greater Noida</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-9816304290591117212024-01-04T16:47:00.004+05:302024-01-04T16:47:28.154+05:30VPNs-A technical pack or a vicious technology <p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Have you at any point associated with an irregular Wi-Fi area of interest with a name like Huston-Mama St200? It might appear like a genuine Wi-Fi organization, however there is a decent opportunity that lawbreakers have positioned it to get to your own data. In such circumstances, a VPN can assist you with having a safe association. The job of VPN turns out to be truly pivotal when you are interfacing with a phony Wi-Fi passage or an unstable public organization. A Virtual Confidential Organization (VPN) assists users with safely perusing the web. It makes a scrambled passage for our information to safely stream. It additionally conceals your unique IP address and conceals your character and area. </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-a79bfa43-7fff-19bd-6c9d-efec9eff811d"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Utilizing VPN is legitimate in many nations. In any case, a few nations have confined or condemned the utilization of VPNs. With respect to India, utilizing VPN shouldn't land you in any lawful difficulty. How about we take a gander at nations that have either confined or condemned the utilization of VPNs. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">1. China </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">China vigorously directs the utilization of VPNs to keep its residents from bypassing the internet based control framework, otherwise called the Incomparable Firewall of China. The Chinese government has not condemned utilizing VPNs because of their utilization in global organizations. Notwithstanding, the current regulations require VPN suppliers to get a permit from the public authority to work in the country. Therefore, just approved VPN specialist co-ops can offer their types of assistance. In November 2021, The internet Organization of China (CAC) delivered the draft Organization Information Security The board Guidelines. The Draft Guidelines cover different subjects, remembering limitations for VPNs. CAC looks to force severe punishments on people and associations that avoid the Incomparable Firewall. The wrongdoer would be likely to fines up to multiple times the unlawful benefits of an organization or up to RMB 500,000 ($78,300). In serious cases, the Draft Guidelines likewise accommodate suspension or end of business tasks or licenses. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">2. North Korea </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Most North Korean residents don't approach the web. All things being equal, they interface with North Korea's intranet - Kwangmyong, a Korean word for a splendid star. The nation has illegalised the utilization of VPNs or whatever other device that aides in dodging web control. Such use is prohibited to keep the residents from getting to the blue-penciled content. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">3. Oman </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Oman has illegalised the utilization of VPNs beginning around 2010. For public and confidential establishments to utilize VPNs, they should acquire earlier endorsement from Oman's Telecom Administrative Power. A fine of 500 Omani Rial ($1,300) on people or 1,000 Omani Rial ($2,600) on organizations is forced on the off chance that they are tracked down in break of the law. In the midst of the continuous Coronavirus flare-up, Oman chose to elevate limitations on devices, for example, Skype for Business, Google Meet, and Zoom. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">4. Turkey It is legitimate to involve VPNs in Turkey as no rule denies something very similar. In any case, the Turkish government has limited VPNs through Regulation No. 5651. Through another passage added to Article 6, the law requires access suppliers to "go to lengths to forestall elective access course according to the distributions that were chosen to impede access." The regulation forces an organization fine from 10,000 ($734) to 50,000 ($3,670) Turkish Liras on the entrance suppliers who neglect to follow this commitment. Beforehand in 2016, the Data Advances and Correspondences Authority had sent a notification to get to suppliers to limit different VPN administrations. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">5. Joined Bedouin Emirates UAE has not expressly restricted utilizing VPNs except if used to carry out violations. The Government Regulation No. 5 of 2012 gives discipline to impermanent detainment and a fine of at least AED 500,000 ($136,128) with a limit of AED 2,000,000 ($544,512). In any case, it is hard for people to demonstrate that they involved VPN for the right reasons. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">6. Iraq </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In 2014, Iraq enlarged its web control to remember a boycott for VPNs because of then-continuous public safety concerns. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">7. Russia </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Russia has limited the utilization of intermediary evasion devices like VPNs and anonymisers starting around 2017. The nation has a government regulation denying web instruments that permit Russians to get to prohibited sites. In 2021, the Russian web guard dog, Roskomnadzor restricted six more VPN specialist co-ops, carrying the all out to north of twelve. The reasons referred to incorporate criminal operations, circulation of medications, youngster porn, radicalism, and self destruction. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.38; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Thus, VPNs have advanced to turn into a fundamental apparatus to remain private and safe on the web. States and organizations are progressively embracing VPN administrations for the solid transmission of delicate data. Involving VPNs in many countries is lawful. Nonetheless, on the off chance that you dwell in a country with limitations or a sweeping boycott, you might find it hard to get to blue-penciled content. Such limitations keep people from practicing their opportunity to get to the web. The level of limitations increments with the idea of a nation's system. Nations force an elevated degree of oversight to control the story and upset admittance to the remainder of the world, in this way totally managing the web for their residents. </span></p><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="background-color: white; font-family: "Times New Roman";">Ms. Annu Mishra</span></span></div></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-81641703822162756862024-01-04T16:46:00.000+05:302024-01-04T16:46:01.507+05:30Cooperative Federalism in the Present Scenario: Issues and Challenges<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">When two or more independent States come together to create a larger body with a division of powers and responsibilities, a federal structure is formed.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The notion behind federalism is that the Central government at the national level and the regional governments should be independent of each other in their respective constitutionally demarcated areas.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">However, the traditional notion of federalism wherein the two levels of government remain restricted to their respective constitutional jurisdictions is not being followed in letter and spirit</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The federal government’s overarching role is generally prevalent due to political structure, history, social welfare, and growth imperatives coupled with the national security exigencies of any country.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">These persistent and often antagonistic powers gave way to a reformed form of federalism that gained ample support from the political establishment and the </span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">public</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. This new form of federalism is tagged Cooperative federalism.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Taking up the case of India, the term Cooperative federalism has been bandied about in the Indian polity for decades; it was given a new life when the government came to power </span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">because of</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-align: justify; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> the 16th Parliamentary Elections in 2014 and then again in 2019 set in motion Cooperative federalism. Therefore, amid India’s growing rhetoric about strengthening Cooperative federalism, it is important to step back and evaluate the country’s actual progress. </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-a53a81d3-7fff-c6ce-900c-f909bb3d0e85"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">An appraisal of the Indian Constitution reveals that the framers of the Constitution departed from the models of federal constitutions established in the United States, Australia, and Canada and modified a vital feature of a federal Constitution. Due to this deviation, various epithets such as quasi-federal, unitary with federal features, or federal with unitary features have been used for describing its nature. Austin describes it as Cooperative federalism. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Upon assuming office, the present regime pledged to build the Centre-State relationship on the lines of Cooperative federalism. The increased devolution of taxes to States, the passing of the GST Act, of 2016, and the coordinated effort in the fight against the first wave of the Covid-19 pandemic are seen by many in the spirit of cooperative federalism. The contemporary events, however, have shown how far India is from being a cooperative union of States. For instance, the Centre’s approach on the issue of the GST Compensation fund has shattered the cornerstone of Centre-State ties and cast doubt on the possibility of States once again banding together for such commitment to Centre-initiated programmes. It should be recognised that imposing unilateral policies and programmes without first considering their effects and establishing common ground with the States would render them counterproductive and further deteriorate the Centre-State relationship, thus defeating the very objective of Cooperative federalism. The growing dissent among States against the Centre is detrimental to the sustainability of our federal system, with ramifications in the form of civil unrest and low socio-economic growth.</span><span style="font-family: Calibri, sans-serif; font-size: 11pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hence, a long-term, institutionalized, discursive system that is relevant to existing and prospective federal challenges are required. One such mechanism is the Inter-State Council which can tackle national issues like Climate change, crop burning, inter-state water disputes, regional reservation, infrastructural projects, legislation on subjects in the concurrent list, and other concerns effectively. </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-17b41a05-7fff-d997-df6e-c6fde0853267"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">By Komal Chauhan</span></p><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 14pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div></span></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com1tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-21399861178731724882024-01-04T16:44:00.003+05:302024-01-04T16:44:28.796+05:30Caste census: Social welfare or Social Division?<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; white-space-collapse: preserve;">‘Varn’ (वर्ण) system that is now has got popularity in the form of caste system originated long back in Vedic Society (C100 500 BCE). Was that Varn system exactly same as of now caste system? Analysis of history reveals that Varn system was basically based on wisdom of knowledge and work and it was hardly related with birth in particular family. By passing of time it is now totally dependent on the birth in a particular family. As already pointed out that basically it was on work system that’s why caste within caste developed on the basis of specific work within the caste, and the broader varn system that was basically divided in four varn Brahmin, Kshatriye, Vaishye and Sudra has now masrromed in various caste. </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-57752e41-7fff-51ef-a7be-4a11f30a1b38"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: -2.3pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Framers of the constitution were promoting equality in society by putting various articles promoting welfare of SC and ST on one side and other side equality articles so that by passing of time these community may come in main stream of system. But the burning question here is, were they doing this on the basis of their population in the society? To the point answer is ‘NO’. If everything will be decided on the basis of Population then there will be another race to raise their population that will not be in interest of any one neither to that caste nor of nation. And same time it will lead to another type of inequality i.e, caste population inequality, and will never achieve welfare of all that is paramount goal of our constitution.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: -2.3pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Recent caste based census in many state has raised another type of discussion, ‘</span><span style="font-family: "Nirmala UI"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">जिसकी</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Nirmala UI"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">जितनी</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Nirmala UI"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">संख्या</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Nirmala UI"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">उसका</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Nirmala UI"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">उतना</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span><span style="font-family: "Nirmala UI"; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">स्थान’. </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">This thinking will ruin all the efforts of framer of constitution and all the effortS of government to bring equality in the society for which country is struggling since last 75 years. Another pertinent question arises whether it will be limited to schedule caste, schedule tribe, backward class, general class or it will lead further demand/discussion to sub caste within specific class. As it is well known that each class whether it is general, backward etc, each have number of sub caste.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.7999999999999998; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-left: 14.2pt; margin-right: -2.3pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Government of India in its policy declaration in Lok Sabha had made it clear that it will not enumerate caste wise population except SC and ST. With political interest now numbers of political parties are demanding for caste base census, in fact they have nothing to do welfare of these caste. In fact they are on the track to ruin the development of SC and STs by creating another hurdle in their progress and their participation in system. In fact time has come for the census on the basis of socio economic and educational backwardness and that shall not be based on any caste, let the society develop altogether in such manner that all the backwardness stay only in history not in future of nation.</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-006547a1-7fff-7765-1b36-dd07c4bcfaa3"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-left: 92.15pt; margin-right: 146pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">By sudhir Kumar Dwivedi</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-left: 92.15pt; margin-right: 146pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Assistant Professor</span></p><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 16pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div></span></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-3828191619906169022024-01-04T16:43:00.000+05:302024-01-04T16:43:09.333+05:30Criminal Justice laws- Overhauling Done<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; text-align: justify; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The criminal Justice system has been comprehensively overhauled by enactment of three new legislations, namely the Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 (Act No. 45 of 2023), the Bhartiya Nagrik Suraksha Sanhita, 2023 (Act No. 46 of 2023), and the Bhartiya Sakshya Adhiniyam, 2023 (Act No. 47 of 2023). These three legislations have replaced colonial era codes namely the Indian Penal Code, 1860, the Code of Criminal Procedure, 1973 and the Indian Evidence Act, 1872 respectively.</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-778c2b98-7fff-03b0-c604-33462d360768"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Aims and objectives:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The main aim of these new legislations is </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">not to punish</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> but provide access to speedy justice to all. The goal is raise the conviction percentage and to see that everyone gets justice in maximum three years. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The new laws have shed their colonial antecedents and are reflecting Indian ethos, marking a transition from focus in the colonial era on the intent to punish, to delivering equitable and time bound justice.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The main objective of the new legislations is to speed up the trials by laying down certain timelines, raising the rates of conviction and lowering the pendency of cases by improving the quality of evidences and ensuring the integrity of evidence by providing protection to victims and witnesses. The new legislations have a vision of providing a stricter punishment for crime against women and children. Decongestion of jails is also envision by the codes by releasing convicts who have undergone half of their sentences awarded by the courts. The terrorism and mob lynching are coined as new offences. The accountability of Police officers has also been fixed by new legislations. Few highlights of the new Acts are time bound trials, introduction of summary trials for small crimes, provision for recording of statement of victims of sexual violence at her house by a female magistrate. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hit and run cases:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The hit and run cases will now attract imprisonment up to 10 years and fine if the driver-accused flees from the scene of the offence or fails to report the accident to the Police or Magistrate.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Speedy Justice: </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The Police have to provide status update in a case within 90 days. The charge sheet has to be filed in 90 days. However, court can extend the time for filing charge sheet by another 90 days. Thus, investigation must finish within 180 days. After conclusion of the trial, the judgment has to be delivered within 30 days, and the same has to be uploaded online within 7 days.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">15days Police custody is allowed for first 40/60 days of detention period. Handcuffing is allowed for heinous offences but not for economic offences.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Organized Crimes:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The scope of organized crimes has been widened by including in its scope kidnapping, robbery, land grabbing, contract killing, and cyber offences among others.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Public Mischief:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">An imprisonment of three years has been provided for making, publishing or circulating statements that are likely to cause fear or alarm to the public, or with intent to incite people to commit offences against others.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Hate Speech:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The hate speech crimes will attract an imprisonment up to three years for insulting or trying to insult any religion or religious beliefs.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Offences in Places of Worship:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The offences in the place of worship will attract imprisonment up to five years.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">New Offences:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The terrorism, mob lynching, snatching, endangering unity and integrity of India have been defined as new offences in the new legislation. At the same time marrying a woman by concealing identity or having sexual intercourse under false promise of marriage, promotion or employment are now in the category of the crime and will attract imprisonment up to ten years. In cases of gang rape, punishment for 20 years or life imprisonment has been provided. But gang rape of girls below the age of 18 will be punished with life imprisonment or death penalty.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">New Punishment by re-socialization: Community service</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The community service has been introduced as a new kind of punishment for the first time committed petty offences. An attempt has been made to bring restorative justice by emphasizing personal accountability.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">For example, in cases of theft convict, to get the benefit of community service as punishment, he has to satisfy 3 conditions. He should be convicted for the first time, value of stolen property should be less than Rs. 5000/- and he should have either restored the stolen property or returned the value of the stolen property. The community service refers to “works which the court may order a convict to perform as a form of punishment that benefits the community, for which he shall not be entitled to any remuneration.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Reduction of load of Sessions Courts:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The provision for summary trial has been introduced for cases entailing less than three years of imprisonment. This is likely to reduce the docket explosion in the courts of District and Sessions judges.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A check on commutation of sentences:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">It is commonly seen that the sentences of the criminals are commuted on political considerations. To stop the use of political pressure, and punishment waivers by the Governments, it has now been provided that the death sentences can only be commuted to life imprisonment and life imprisonment can be commuted only with seven years of imprisonment.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Gone offences:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The offence of </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">sedition</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> as loosely defined in section 124-A has been abolished but endangering unity and integrity of India could result in life imprisonment. This will include secessionist, armed rebellion and subversive activities aimed against country’s sovereignty as well as unity and integrity.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The medical professionals, specially the Doctors have been given a big shield in cases of </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">medical negligence</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. Under I.P.C., 1860 the cases of medical negligence leading to death were covered under section 304-A, which dealt with causing death by rash and negligent act, not amounting to culpable homicide. The new legislation seeks to insulate the doctors from criminal prosecution in such cases. Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023 has incorporated the </span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">concept of “good faith” in section 26</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">. An illustration is appended under this section which says that a surgeon performing operation on a patient in good faith and not intending to cause his or her death, conducts the operation for the benefit of the patient, and does not commit any offence. It is submitted that decriminalization of medical negligence would help the doctors in taking correct and bold decision in critically ill patients and will lead to saving of several lives. The doctors will not now be fearful of being blamed for negligence and being hesitant in trying their best. The fear of Police and threat of prosecution by the relatives of the patients would also be lessened. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Criticism and peaceful protest:</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">There has been a clear line of distinction between a criticism and peaceful protest against the current Government. Now criticism of the Government has been distinguished from peaceful protests against the Government from subversion, secession and armed rebellion against an Indian state. This new offence has been named as “Deshdroh” and not “Rajdroh” which referred to British Crown.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Shree 420:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The section in IPC, 1860 that led to the iconic movie, made by iconic director Mr. Raj Kapoor is now listed as section 318 in Bhartiya Nyaya Sanhita, 2023. So 420 may not mean cheating now. The changes has been done to section 302 of IPC, 1860, which is now listed as section 103 in the new Sanhita, which has 358 sections instead of 511, in old IPC.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Under new BSA, the electronic record is included in the definition of ‘document’.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Husband/wife are now included as competent witnesses in criminal proceedings against each other.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Conclusion:</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">There is little disagreement that our country’s criminal justice system is crying for a resettlement. The legal luminaries recognize that the genesis of the problems is in the laws enacted by a colonial regime in the 19</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span style="font-size: 0.6em; vertical-align: super;">th</span></span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> century. To this extent, three new Acts legislated by the Government are a step in the right direction. The offence of sedition is said to be abolished but a new chapter VII titled as “of offences against the state” suggest that this criminalization continues as earlier. A separate provision for mob lynching leads us to the uncharted territory of punishing a mob with death penalty. Marital rape is not yet criminalized, which appears to be a regrettable decision. The offence of criminal defamation is also loosely defined.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">In the new Acts there is a lot of focus on oiling, greasing and speeding up the wheels of justice, but some of it flies over infrastructural realties. For example, forensic team mandatorily visiting the scene of the crime for offences involving punishment more than seven years appears to be impossibility in as much as the backlog even in metropolitan laboratories is running into years. The central Government in its wisdom has rightly deferred the date of enforcement of these three new legislations so that in the intervening period required infrastructure software, training of human resources, publication of books and complete computerization of courts may be developed.</span></p><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 18pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><span id="docs-internal-guid-9a84f0f9-7fff-1b83-7b37-a3190bc5fe56"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 10pt; margin-left: 19.85pt; margin-right: -16.5pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"> By Professor (Dr.) N.K.Bahl</span></p><div><span style="font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline;"><br /></span></div></span></span></div></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-54376195177749062952024-01-02T09:50:00.001+05:302024-01-02T09:50:43.777+05:30Does happiness comes by GDP?<p> The concept of richness that has been used to countries after the Second World War is production
and sales combined with a high degree of economic commerce. Economic growth is the sole source
of well-being as it is tangible and financial. But it has been heavily criticised to use one characteristic
alone to determine a nation's prosperity. New definitions of wealth that go beyond financial riches
have also been proposed, as has the addition of happiness and well-being as measured by Bhutan's
gross national happiness index.
We can identify concepts like the satisfaction of basic needs like food, housing, health, education,
culture, and involvement in community life that are perceived as opportunities for individual and
collective growth, rather than as deficiencies, despite the varying perspectives that the authors and
organisations endorsing these ideas apply to them. Equal opportunity, gratifying employment,
conservation of natural resources, and a safe living environment are some concepts that are evident.
One is connected to the larger society through social interactions and relationships.
As they attain additional significance, these ideas are becoming more and more credible. It has
become crucial for citizens and democracy to engage in discourse about the concepts of prosperity,
well-being, and happiness—despite the fact that these concepts have been tainted and contaminated
by the materialist elements of a society focused on growth.
Redefining wealth means adopting new evaluation instruments, a new value system and hierarchy,
and a new understanding of "what really counts" with regard to of public policy.
A society's level of well-being is not properly reflected by the economic growth indicator, which
calculates changes in GDP. Even though it has received a lot of criticism over the past thirty years,
governments and the media continue to reference it as a representation of success and advancement.
The issue of qualitative content is not even attempted to be addressed. It considers as positive
contributions everything that adds value to a country's economy, including expenditure that
essentially fixes harm from human production and consumption due to pollution, degradation of
natural resources, fatalities, etc. Numerous resources and activities that enhance well-being, including
volunteer work, are not included in the GDP since they have no monetary value. The GDP ignores
things like the distribution of the wealth so produced, environmental costs, and the degree of working
flexibility in the majority of the industrial sectors. It is necessary to consider several crucial questions,
like: Who benefits from growth? What are the unstated costs to society, the environment, and
people?
Ideas to assist society equip itself with new aspects that might influence our image of the world, our
values, and the route we wish to take collectively include green GDP, indices of genuine wealth, human
development, economic well-being, and happiness.
Solidarity economy participants work to advance an alternative development paradigm. In order to
achieve this aim, they must be able to alter how the economy and wealth are portrayed so that the
market and growth paradigm no longer rules the day. The dual task is to demonstrate how experts
networks and projects help society as a whole and how they support a different picture of the
economy.
Here, at JIMS, Greater Noida we provide the environment which facilitates in the holistic growth of
the students. Subjects like Human Values & Ethics, Indian Knowledge System, etc. drives the learners
to the way of idealism.
By:
Devanshu Dube
Assistant Professor, JEMTEC, Gr.Noida</p><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-7126024845035402972023-12-04T12:10:00.001+05:302023-12-04T12:10:06.015+05:30A Decade View of G-20 Presidency<p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The G20 is a grouping of the twenty largest economies in the world, including both developed and developing nations. Argentina, Australia, Brazil, Canada, China, EU, France, Germany, Italy, Japan, Mexico, Russia, Saudi Arabia, South Africa, South Korea, Turkey, United Kingdom, and the United States make up the G20. Together, the G20 nations account for around 90% of the world's GDP, 80% of its commerce, and two thirds of its population.</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-6f0cdf59-7fff-1434-6de5-709f27922b35"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Traditional concerns like trade facilitation, trade aid, global value chains, and the contribution of trade to employment have given way to new opportunities and problems like excess capacity, rising participation of MSMEs and women in global value chains, trade in services, supply chain security, and corresponding connections between trade and digitalization, health, and the environment. Following covid, inclusive, sustainable, and resilient trade are prioritized. The result documents under the Indonesian leadership once again acknowledge the interdisciplinary character of trade while also emphasizing the importance of developing local capacity.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">A decade view of G-20 Presidency</span></p><ul style="margin-bottom: 0; margin-top: 0; padding-inline-start: 48px;"><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">2013, St. Petersburg: Transparency is a major topic of debate during the G20's inaugural meeting of trade ministers. Support for the Transparency in Trade Initiative is pledged. Increasing openness in RTAs is a topic of discussion, and a supporting paper has been published on the subject.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">In Brisbane, 2014: A breakthrough between the US and India just before the G20 summit (which was significant enough to be mentioned in the summit text) gives hope for progressing the WTO Trade Facilitation Agreement's implementation.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">SMEs are first highlighted in 2015 in Antalya in relation to boosting their involvement in GVCs.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">The Trade, Investment and Industry Working Group (TIIWG) is founded in Hangzhou in 2016. • The G20 supports the G20 Strategy for Global Trade Growth, which calls on the G20 to set an example in reducing trade costs, leveraging trade and investment policy coherence, boosting trade in services, improving trade financing, fostering the growth of e-commerce, and addressing trade and development. • Publication of the G20 Digital Economy Development and Cooperation Initiative, which discusses e-commerce. The significance of free trade and investment is taken into account while discussing industrialization (the New Industrial Revolution). The term "environmental goods" is first used. The first discussion of e-commerce and digital trade is included under B20. A call is made to create a worldwide forum to talk about steel's surplus capacity.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">2017, Hamburg: For the first time, the DDA is not mentioned—a trend that will continue moving forward—and the customary standstill/rollback pledge on trade measures is also absent—a trend that will also go forward.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">'Protectionism' is not included in the summit document for the first time in 2018, in Buenos Aires, a trend that will go on moving forward.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">There is discussion about agro-food GVCs.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">The New Industrial Revolution (NIR)'s prospects and challenges for trade and investment are examined, and an inventory of country experiences, programmes, policies, and practices on these elements of the NIR is developed.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">In Osaka in 2019, trade and digital economy ministers get together for the first time to better understand how the two fields interact.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">2020, Riyadh: In response to COVID-19, two Extraordinary G20 Virtual Trade and Investment Ministerial Meetings are convened in March and May. Short-term collective efforts (trade regulation, facilitation, transparency, logistics networks, MSMEs) and longer-term collective actions (multilateral trading system, global supply chains, international investment) are prioritized as part of the Covid-19 response to boost trade. The term "supply chains" is first used. The Riyadh Initiative on the Future of the WTO is established to provide members another chance to contribute to solving the problem. The publishing of optional, non-binding policy recommendations aimed at enhancing MSMEs' global competitiveness. Economic diversification is examined, with a focus on service trade and special economic zones (SEZs): Two Synthesis Reports on best practices and lessons learned by member nations are produced by TIIWG.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">2021, Rome: The discussion of how trade policy may aid attempts to improve global health. It is acknowledged how important it is to have trade and environmental policies that work together. It is confirmed that stronger international regulations on industry subsidies are necessary. Market accessibility and agricultural subsidies are discussed. Released is a non-obligatory MSME Policy Toolkit.</span></p></li><li aria-level="1" dir="ltr" style="font-family: "Noto Sans Symbols", sans-serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; list-style-type: disc; vertical-align: baseline; white-space: pre;"><p dir="ltr" role="presentation" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; text-wrap: wrap; vertical-align: baseline;">Only the Chair's Summary is made public following the trade ministerial in Bali in 2022.</span></p></li></ul><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The release of non-binding guiding principles for the multilateral trading system to support the SDGs provides a broad perspective on how open and transparent trade contributes to multiple developmental priorities, from reducing hunger and improving health to tackling climate change and protecting the environment on land and underwater. In this annexes document, the word "trade protectionism" appears in relation to SDG 1.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-left: 36pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The importance of home industry and capacity is emphasized, particularly in light of MSMEs' integration into global commerce and food security. The Indonesian president has taken the initiative to formalize debates on industrial-related problems in the framework of policy consistency between business, investment, and industry.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The G20 can boost confidence once more. In this time of polycrisis, the forum can once again take advantage of the opportunity of a high-level platform to have an open discussion about the need to prevent greater uncertainty in the multilateral trading system, to rationalise trade behaviour that avoids negative-sum outcomes, and to introduce measures that reduce risk in the system. The forum came into its own as a crisis institution to address the global financial upheaval. This is separate from any and all ongoing discussions about particular trade or trade-related problems that improve the breadth and caliber of involvement in international commerce and the distribution of its advantages. The Trade and Investment Working Group's agenda for the upcoming year should be driven by two goals: 1) enhancing resilience without jeopardising economic growth; and 2) maintaining focused engagement on current trade challenges that promote equitable development. The G20 Chair can direct work in three different ways: advancing feasible, timely trade commitments; presenting its own developmental experience for peer learning; and utilising the vast network at the forum's disposal to share learnings and incubate solutions to build broad consensus on the multilateral trading system.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.295; margin-bottom: 8pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Dr. Neeti Sharma</span></p><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-9002240738392898552023-12-04T12:09:00.002+05:302023-12-04T12:09:17.631+05:30Marketing's Metaverse: The Birth of a New Paradigm <p> <span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; text-align: justify; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Technology has advanced at an unparalleled rate in recent years, giving rise to new notions and experiences. The metaverse is one such concept that is gaining traction. The metaverse, as a virtual reality world where users can engage in a variety of activities, has far-reaching consequences for marketing. In this blog, we will look at the metaverse's role in marketing and how it has the potential to change the way businesses connect with their customers. </span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-f13cc099-7fff-377d-ce3d-ca7cb0f29816"><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">What exactly is the Metaverse? </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">The metaverse is a communal virtual shared area that includes numerous interconnected digital worlds. It is not limited to a single platform, but rather a whole ecosystem of virtual landscapes, gaming worlds, and social media. The metaverse can be accessed via virtual reality, augmented reality, or even standard screens. The following advantages can be obtained by utilizing metaverse technology in business, marketing, and commerce:</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Increased Customer Engagement</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">- one of the most important benefits of the metaverse in marketing is its capacity to increase client interaction. Customers are passive recipients of information in traditional marketing. The metaverse, on the other hand, provides for more engaging and immersive experiences, allowing businesses to engage with customers in entirely new ways. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Companies can establish virtual showrooms or stores-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> where customers can browse and purchase products in a visually appealing and engaging environment by exploiting the metaverse. Consumers can inspect things from various perspectives, test out virtual prototypes, and even engage in real time with other users. This can lead to better customer understanding and increased brand loyalty.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Marketing that is personalized and targeted</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> -Companies have access to a lot of user data in the metaverse, allowing them to customise marketing messages and offers based on individual tastes and actions. Previously, this level of personalisation and targeting was difficult to attain through traditional marketing channels. Businesses may send extremely relevant and timely adverts, recommendations, and promotions by tracking consumers' interactions, preferences, and behaviors within the metaverse. This tailored strategy improves not only the efficiency of marketing initiatives but also the entire customer experience. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Virtual Events and Experiential Learning-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> The metaverse has the ability to transform how companies hold events and create experiences. Virtual conferences, trade displays, and product debuts have grown in popularity, particularly in the aftermath of the COVID-19 pandemic.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Companies can use the metaverse to produce immersive and engaging virtual events that reach a worldwide audience without being limited by physical area. Virtual events in the metaverse can be used for networking, education, and product demos. They can be more economical, accessible, and inclusive by removing travel and venue capacity limitations. Furthermore, virtual experiences can be recorded and shared, leaving a lasting impression and reaching a larger audience. </span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Immersion and Brand Storytelling-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> The metaverse opens up new possibilities for brand storytelling and immersion. Businesses may employ virtual worlds to create immersive storylines and experiences that deeply resonate with users. The metaverse enables brands to leave a lasting impression on their customers, whether through fascinating missions, interactive storytelling, or virtual simulations. Brands may immerse people in their stories, beliefs, and products by exploiting the metaverse’s visual and interactive features. This strategy fosters a stronger emotional connection and can help a company stand out from the crowd. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Product and brand experience enhancements-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Brands may use the metaverse to build immersive virtual experiences that highlight their products and services. This allows customers to interact with things, digitally try them on, and get a realistic feel before making a purchase. It has the potential to provide a fresh method of creating brand differentiation and leaving a lasting impact on buyers. </span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Personalized Marketing-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> The metaverse can provide useful information about user behavior, preferences, and interactions. This data can be utilized to create highly personalized and targeted advertising. Brands may create personalized experiences, personalized recommendations, and interactive advertisements that adapt to individual users' preferences and behaviors.</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Virtual Trade-</span><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> The metaverse can function as a virtual commerce platform, allowing users to buy and sell virtual goods, services, and experiences. Brands can set up virtual stores, sell limited edition things, and provide unique virtual experiences. This provides enterprises with additional income sources and monetization alternatives. Social Media Inclusion Users can share their virtual experiences and purchases with their social networks if social media platforms interface with the metaverse. This opens up chances for metaverse viral marketing, user-generated content, and word-of-mouth promotion. </span></p><br /><br /><br /><br /><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Conclusion</span></p><br /><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"> Marketers have great chances to change how they communicate with customers thanks to the metaverse. The metaverse has the ability to alter the marketing environment through better interaction, personalized marketing, virtual events, and immersive brand experiences.</span></p><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: justify;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Embracing and using the metaverse can help organizations stand out by allowing them to interact with customers in new and meaningful ways. As technology advances, the metaverse will become a vital tool in the marketer's armory. It is essential to point out that the metaverse is still a new concept, and its entire commercial potential has yet to be exploited. The metaverse, on the other hand, provides marketers with new and interesting methods to engage with customers and generate memorable brand experiences because of its immersive and interactive nature.</span></p><span id="docs-internal-guid-f0b1f415-7fff-503c-ac27-bc8f70b8746b"><p dir="ltr" style="line-height: 1.3800000000000001; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-top: 0pt;"><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Dr. Ankur Budhiraja, Department of Management Studies</span></p><div><span style="font-family: "Times New Roman", serif; font-size: 12pt; font-variant-alternates: normal; font-variant-east-asian: normal; font-variant-numeric: normal; font-variant-position: normal; font-weight: 700; vertical-align: baseline; white-space-collapse: preserve;"><br /></span></div></span></span><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-78483892311472558202023-12-04T12:08:00.000+05:302023-12-04T12:08:02.402+05:30"Redefining Justice: The Imperative for Penal Reforms in India"<p> Introduction:</p><p>The criminal justice system in India is undergoing a critical phase of introspection, particularly about penal reforms. As the social, economic, and cultural landscape evolves, there is a growing recognition that the penal system must adapt to meet the demands of justice, fairness, and human rights. In this blog post, we will explore the key areas that demand reform within India's penal system and discuss potential strategies to bring about positive change.</p><p>Shift from Retribution to Rehabilitation: Traditional punitive approaches often dominate the penal system. Penal reforms should focus on shifting the paradigm from mere punishment to rehabilitation. Implementing comprehensive rehabilitation programs within correctional facilities can contribute to the reintegration of offenders into society, reducing the likelihood of recidivism.</p><p>Decriminalization of Non-violent Offenses: The overcrowding of prisons is a significant concern in India. Penal reforms should involve a reassessment of the criminalization of certain non-violent offenses. Exploring alternative sentencing options, such as fines or community service, for minor infractions can help decongest prisons and reserve incarceration for more serious offenses.</p><p>Humanization of Prisons: Prisons should be centres of reform, not just punishment. Penal reforms should prioritize creating humane conditions within correctional facilities, ensuring access to healthcare, education, and vocational training for inmates. Improving living conditions can contribute to the rehabilitation process and reduce the potential for criminal relapse.</p><p>Review of Mandatory Minimum Sentences: The imposition of mandatory minimum sentences can lead to disproportionate punishments and hinder judicial discretion. Reforms should involve a critical review of such sentencing practices to ensure that punishment aligns with the severity of the crime and allows for individualized considerations.</p><p>Enhanced Protections for Vulnerable Populations: Vulnerable populations, including women, children, and the LGBTQ+ community, often face unique challenges within the penal system. Reforms should prioritize the development of specialized facilities and procedures to address the specific needs and vulnerabilities of these groups, ensuring their rights and dignity are protected.</p><p>Community Involvement in Rehabilitation: Penal reforms should encourage community participation in the rehabilitation process. Establishing programs that involve local communities in the reintegration of offenders can foster understanding, reduce stigma, and contribute to the overall success of rehabilitation initiatives.</p><p>Embracing Restorative Justice Practices: Restorative justice approaches, which focus on repairing harm and rebuilding relationships, can be a valuable addition to the penal system. Reforms should explore the integration of restorative justice principles, facilitating dialogue between offenders and victims to address the consequences of criminal behaviour.</p><p>Conclusion:</p><p>Penal reforms in India are essential for fostering a system that aligns with contemporary values, principles of justice, and human rights standards. By embracing rehabilitation, reevaluating sentencing practices, humanizing prisons, and prioritizing the needs of vulnerable populations, India can build a penal system that not only punishes wrongdoing but actively contributes to the social reintegration and transformation of individuals. The path to penal reform may be challenging, but the destination promises a more just and humane society.</p><div><span style="background-color: white; font-family: Arial; font-size: 13px; white-space-collapse: preserve;">Mr. Prashant Pandey</span></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-8164822083184490396.post-63778315785380843042023-12-04T12:05:00.004+05:302023-12-04T12:05:50.044+05:30Artificial Intelligence: A Journey into Its Evolution, Impact, and Future<p> This blog provides an overview of the evolution, impact, ethical considerations, and future prospects of Artificial Intelligence, highlighting both its achievements and the challenges it poses to society.</p><p><br /></p><p>Artificial Intelligence (AI) stands as a testament to humanity's relentless pursuit of innovation and technological advancement. Its journey from conceptualization to implementation has been nothing short of awe-inspiring, revolutionizing the way we live, work, and interact with the world around us.</p><p>Evolution of AI</p><p>The roots of AI can be traced back to ancient times when humans began contemplating the concept of creating intelligent machines. However, it wasn't until the mid-20th century that the term 'artificial intelligence' was coined, marking the formal birth of this field. The pioneering work of Alan Turing, often regarded as the father of AI, laid the groundwork for the development of computational machines capable of simulating human intelligence.</p><p>Early AI systems were characterized by rule-based programming, where computers were programmed with explicit instructions to perform specific tasks. However, the real breakthrough came with the advent of machine learning and neural networks, which enabled systems to learn from data, recognize patterns, and make decisions without explicit programming.</p><p>Impact on Society</p><p>AI has permeated various facets of our lives, transforming industries and redefining possibilities. In healthcare, AI-driven diagnostic tools aid doctors in faster and more accurate disease detection, significantly improving patient outcomes. In finance, AI algorithms analyze vast amounts of data to predict market trends, enabling informed decision-making.</p><p>The entertainment industry has also embraced AI, using it for personalized content recommendations and even creating music, art, and literature. Moreover, in transportation, self-driving cars powered by AI algorithms are poised to revolutionize the way we commute.</p><p>Ethical Considerations</p><p>Amidst its remarkable potential, AI also raises ethical concerns. Issues surrounding privacy, algorithmic bias, job displacement due to automation, and the existential risk posed by superintelligent AI require careful consideration. Ensuring that AI systems are developed and utilized responsibly remains a pressing challenge for researchers, policymakers, and technologists.</p><p>Future Prospects</p><p>The future of AI holds boundless possibilities. Advancements in AI research, including quantum computing, natural language processing, and reinforcement learning, promise to unlock new frontiers. Human-AI collaboration, where AI augments human capabilities rather than replacing them, could lead to unprecedented achievements in various domains.</p><p>As AI continues to evolve, interdisciplinary collaboration becomes pivotal. The fusion of AI with fields like biology, psychology, and ethics could pave the way for innovative solutions to complex societal challenges.</p><p>Conclusion</p><p>Artificial Intelligence stands as a testament to humanity's ingenuity, offering a glimpse into a future where machines complement our capabilities, augmenting our potential to solve global challenges. However, responsible development and ethical deployment of AI must remain at the forefront of our endeavors to ensure a future where AI serves the betterment of humanity.</p><p>In essence, the journey of AI is not just about creating intelligent machines; it's about leveraging innovation to create a brighter, more inclusive, and ethically conscious future for generations to come.</p><div><div>Ms. Priyanka Joshi</div><div>JIMS, Greater Noida</div><div>Assistant Professor (BCA)</div></div><div class="blogger-post-footer">JIMS Engineering Management Technical Campus </div>jimsgnhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06199610038771515020noreply@blogger.com0